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105 pages 3 hours read

Agatha Christie

Death On The Nile

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1937

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Chapters 2-4Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 2 Summary

Chapter Two opens in Assuan, Egypt. Mrs. Allerton, sitting outside the Cataract Hotel, notices Hercule Poirot. She points Poirot out to Tim, who sits up “in an unusually alert fashion” and asks, “What on earth’s he doing here?” (51). Mrs. Allerton responds, “Darling, you sound quite excited. Why do men enjoy crime so much?” (51).

Poirot is walking with Rosalie Otterbourne, who appears to be in a bad mood, and “prattling gently” (52). When Rosalie remarks that she finds Assuan gloomy because everyone is old, Poirot points out that there is one young man, Tim. Rosalie responds that she finds Tim conceited.

Rosalie makes an offhand remark about being uninterested in crime, and Poirot answers in mock solemnity that he is happy Rosalie has nothing to hide. In response, “just for a moment the sulky mask of her face was transformed as she shot him a swift questioning glance” (54). Poirot appears not to notice, and inquires after the health of Mrs. Otterbourne, who was not present at lunch. Rosalie says that her mother isn’t suited to Assuan and confirms that she and her mother will be Poirot’s fellow-passengers on the Nile cruise. As the two make their way through a crowded market, Rosalie hands Poirot several rolls of film; this exchange is “the object of the walk” (55).

Tim Allerton joins them shortly afterwards, and as the three watch a crowd of disembarking passengers, Tim recognizes Linnet Ridgeway and Simon Doyle. Poirot observes Rosalie’s bitterness as she watches the calmly assured Linnet, remarking under her breath, “They look frightfully happy…It isn’t fair” (58). Poirot also takes an interest in Doyle, whose smile has a “rather childlike simplicity” (58) and whose voice he recognizes from somewhere he cannot place.

After Tim leaves, Poirot asks Rosalie about her remark that “it isn’t fair”; Rosalie responds that money, good looks, a beautiful figure, and love are too much good fortune for one person, and admits that she hates Linnet: “I’ve never hated anyone so much at first sight” (60). Poirot says of Linnet that “she may have been married for her money” and observes that “something…is not right” (59). In support of this claim, he refers to the “dark lines below [Linnet’s] eyes…[and] a hand that clutched a sun-shade so tight that the knuckles were white” (59).

Rosalie departs to find her mother, leaving Poirot alone. While walking through the garden, Poirot notices Jackie Bellefort looking pale, thin, and tired: “Her eyes, dark with a kind of smouldering fire, had a queer kind of suffering dark triumph in them” (61). Seeing Jackie, he suddenly realizes that he recognizes Simon Doyle’s voice from the night he saw the two dining together, very much in love, at Chez Ma Tante. As he observes Jackie, Linnet and Simon come down the walk. Jackie greets them: “Hullo, Linnet. So here you are! We never seem to stop running into each other. Hullo, Simon, how are you?” (61). Simon responds with rage, Linnet with fear and desperation: “Simon—for God’s sake! Simon—what can we do?” (62).

Chapter 3 Summary

Chapter Three opens just after dinner in Assuan. Simon and Linnet Doyle have been dining with Andrew Pennington when they run into Tim Allerton, who introduces himself as Joanna Southwood’s cousin and invites the party to meet his mother. Linnet is clearly on edge. When Poirot enters, Linnet recognizes him and takes a clear interest in his presence.

Mrs. Otterbourne also recognizes and attempts to engage Poirot, mentioning that she is a “famous novelist” (64). Poirot questions her about her work in progress and notes that Mrs. Otterbourne’s self-aggrandizing remarks make Rosalie increasingly uncomfortable. Over the course of the conversation, Mrs. Otterbourne belabors the subject of her own novels, repeatedly saying that she will give Poirot a copy of one of them. As she rises to get the novel from her room, Rosalie rushes in and insists that she bring the novel herself. Mrs. Otterbourne complains that Rosalie is unsympathetic to her illness.

While Rosalie is absent, Poirot orders himself a drink and Mrs. Otterbourne, who says she is “practically a teetotaller” (67), a lemon squash. Rosalie returns, and while thanking Mrs. Otterbourne for the book Poirot notices an “eloquent pain” (68) in Rosalie’s eyes.

A few moments later, Jackie de Bellefort enters and seats herself facing Linnet Doyle. Linnet changes her seat to face in the opposite direction, and Jackie changes her seat as well so that she can continue to stare. Fifteen minutes later, Linnet and Simon leave, presumably because Jackie has made them too uncomfortable to stay.

Chapter 4 Summary

Poirot is sitting alone on the terrace later the same night when Linnet Doyle approaches him to ask for help. Linnet explains that she is “the subject…of an intolerable persecution” (73) and that she wants it to stop.

Jackie de Bellefort, who was previously engaged to Simon Doyle, took his breaking off the engagement “rather hard” (73) and has since threatened to kill both Simon and Linnet. Jackie now persists in following Linnet and Simon everywhere they go, evidently as a form of revenge. She has already followed them from Italy to Palestine and Egypt, and Linnet, who is unnerved and angered by Jackie’s pursuit, fears that she will continue to follow them. Linnet insists that there must be “some kind of legal redress against such a thing” (75).

Poirot asks whether Jackie has made any actual threats in public, used insulting language, or attempted to assault Linnet or Simon. When Linnet responds that Jackie has done none of those things, Poirot tells her there is nothing she can do. He suggests that Linnet’s irritation stems not only from Jackie’s actions, but also from Linnet’s own feelings of guilt for having stolen Jackie’s beloved fiancé after having promised to help Jackie. Poirot likens Linnet to the rich man in the Bible who had many flocks and herds, yet took a poor man’s only lamb.

Linnet reacts angrily, claiming that Simon was not in love with Jackie: “Simon discovers that it is I he loves, not Jackie. What is he to do? Be heroically noble and marry a woman he does not care for[?]” (79). Linnet admits that the end of the engagement was difficult for Jackie but asserts that it was “inevitable” (80).

Poirot responds that although Linnet’s argument is rational, it fails to explain her response to Jackie’s following her: instead of pitying her former friend, Linnet finds her “intolerable” (80). According to Poirot, this is because Linnet deliberately took Simon away from Jackie and has a feeling of guilt as a consequence. Although Jackie is making a fool of herself, says Poirot, even Linnet knows that Jackie has justice on her side. Poirot tells Linnet that, under the circumstances, she must live with the consequences of her actions or else go home to England. Linnet responds that Simon would not agree to run away; he is too furious. Linnet pleads with Poirot to talk with Jackie, and he agrees to do so, but cautions that the talk is unlikely to lead to any change in Jackie’s behavior.  

Chapters 2-4 Analysis

These chapters deepen the reader’s knowledge about the characters and their relationships and introduce the major conflict, that between the jilted Jackie and Linnet. They also introduce Jackie as the primary suspect in Linnet’s murder: the hot-tempered and “rather Latin” Jackie has a clear motive for murder: revenge. Furthermore, she has not only threatened to kill Simon and Linnet but is now behaving in a suspicious and unhinged manner, following her former best friend and former fiancé on their honeymoon. In fact, at this point in the novel, Jackie’s motive and behavior make her such an obvious suspect that, according to the logic of the well-written detective novel (which must provide only subtle clues to the identity of the murderer, so that most readers will be surprised when he or she is identified) she cannot be the murderer.

Indeed, once one knows the solution to the mystery presented in Death on the Nile, Chapters Two through Four take on a quite new meaning: these chapters depict the early stages of Jackie and Simon’s plot. Jackie is already emerging as the person with the clearest motive for killing Linnet, but later in the novel, after Jackie has “shot” Simon and been confined to her cabin, the fact that Jackie was known to have hated Linnet will actually help support the theory that someone else killed Linnet and attempted to frame Jackie.

These chapters also develop two important subplots involving the Otterbournes and Tim Allerton.

When she hands the rolls of film to Poirot on a walk that is evidently a mere subterfuge, we learn that Rosalie Otterbourne is engaged in some form of surveillance for Hercule Poirot (strangely, we never find out what Rosalie has been photographing; however, Poirot’s genuine friendliness and trust toward her suggests that, despite all appearances, Rosalie is a trustworthy character).

Mrs. Otterbourne’s behavior, Rosalie’s constant bad mood and reaction to Poirot’s remark about her having nothing to hide, and Rosalie’s insistence that she bring the book from her mother’s room suggest that there is a hidden conflict between Rosalie and her mother and that Rosalie does, in fact, have something to hide. In hindsight, the significance of Rosalie’s insistence that she, and not her mother, fetch Mrs. Otterbourne’s book for Poirot becomes clear: Rosalie is preventing her mother from accessing a secret stash of alcohol.

Second, Tim Allerton’s discomfort around Poirot is presented subtly but clearly in order to signal that Allerton has something to hide. When Tim reacts strongly to Poirot’s presence, Mrs. Allerton remarks that men enjoy crime. Especially since Tim does not deny an interest in crime, and seems discomfited by Poirot, and since Mrs. Allerton is prevented as a level-headed and likable character whose observations are likely to be apt, her remark suggests that Tim may have something to hide. A similar moment occurs when Rosalie says she is not interested in crime, and Poirot says that he is glad she has no dark secrets to hide. Her reaction (a quick, searching look) indicates that she does indeed have a dark secret to hide. However, since Rosalie is presented as, if anything, too honest (she seems unable to conceal her bad mood or her impatience with her mother), she is probably telling the truth—she has no interest in crime, and, therefore, no involvement in it either. 

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