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52 pages 1 hour read

Brigid Kemmerer

Defy the Night

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2021

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Themes

How Social Position Impacts Power, Morality, and Choices

Defy the Night’s use of two narrators provides the reader access to both Tessa and Corrick’s inner thoughts, emotions, and desires. Although Tessa and Corrick are close in age and have both lost their parents, they come from different social backgrounds, which significantly impacts the choices that are available to them. Tessa initially detests Prince Corrick and King Harristan because they appear to be violent, incompetent, and disinterested in the wellbeing of their subjects. Only with communication does she come to understand that both brothers have the same goal of peace as her; the brothers have their own limitations despite being royals. Ultimately, the three can only accomplish their shared goal of saving Kandala from the pandemic by combining their individual perspectives, positions, and skills. The consuls and elites follow the king, but the masses only trust Tessa, so the three have to work together to make progress.

Early in the novel, Tessa’s choices are limited because of her age, gender, and social position. She is, as Consul Allisander Sallister says, just “some girl.” Despite being just “some girl,” Tessa was trained as an apothecary by her father and has discovered medical knowledge that could save the kingdom: Firstly, she can save three times as many people with the palace-approved dosage of medicine, and secondly, she discovers that some of the medicine being sold to the palace and given to rebels is fake. Initially, she has no way to communicate her dosage theory to those in power. When she tries to do so, she encounters opposition. In the beginning of the novel, Tessa follows the route available to her and illegally distributes medicine to those who can’t afford it. From Harristan’s perspective, Tessa is committing treason. He thinks she is stealing from elites, but in reality, the rich don’t need as much medicine as they’re purchasing (due to her dosage theory). Before getting to know Harristan and Corrick, Tessa entertains the thought of bombing the palace, but concludes that violence often finds its way to innocents—and that there must be another path to peace.

Corrick has the same goal as Tessa, which is why he goes undercover as Wes to help distribute medicine to working-class people. As Wes, he seems opposed to Corrick and Harristan in the same way Tessa is, so when Tessa finds out Wes is Corrick, she’s furious. However, she slowly realizes that Corrick has his own limitations, always fearing for his life as a royal (who lost his parents to murder). Corrick also has to answer to Allisander, who has immense power as a supplier of Moonflowers, which is why he has to publicly punish smugglers. Tessa wonders how often Corrick has “had to choose the lesser of two evils, because the option was to execute a prisoner or to watch more people die for lack of medicine. It’s a terrible choice to have to make. A terrible position” (269). Corrick often chooses to kill a couple people so Allisander won’t stop providing medicine altogether; he sacrifices a few to hopefully save many. Even though Corrick knows Tessa’s dosage theory is correct, the truth would only anger the greedy Allisander. The same logic applies to Harristan, who has limited information to work with in making decisions and is even deceived by his own brother; Corrick hides his alter ego as Wes and Tessa’s theory from Harristan for Harristan’s “safety.”

At the beginning of the novel, neither Tessa nor the royals have ideal choices with which to work. However, when they work together, new choices become available. With Harristan backing Tessa’s medical theories, the theories actually get investigated and changes start to get implemented. Tessa is able to convince the rebels that Harristan and Corrick share their goal of peace, and that violent revolution will not prevent death, nor will it provide more medicine, because the Benefactors (Consuls Allisander and Lissa) have been providing fake medicine. Without Tessa, the rebels would have likely killed Harristan and Allisander would have come into power, making the pandemic worse. However, if Tessa hadn’t teamed up with the royals, she wouldn’t have been able to make her knowledge known and save the kingdom.

The Ethics of Political Revolution

This novel takes a critical stance against totalitarian regimes, especially ones in which disinformation spreads and causes deaths. However, the novel also takes a somewhat critical stance against violent revolution and civil war. Through Tessa’s actions, the novel shows that, even when political change is needed, violence is not always the most productive or humane way to achieve it. Tessa is willing to break the law because she doesn’t think all laws are just. However, she believes killing is wrong, especially when done to innocents or at random. For this reason, she is against the rebels’ use of bombs and indiscriminate shooting. Even when Tessa sneaks into the palace and realizes she could easily poison Harristan, she chooses not to. Although she has issues with his policies, she realizes that killing him will not guarantee better policies, and that her best hope for change is to negotiate rather than attack. She does kill one guard, but she’s not happy about it and only does so to save herself, Corrick, and a child whom the night patrol was about to shoot.

The royals, royal guards, and rebels all commit violence that Tessa finds reprehensible, which is why she ultimately thinks a revolution (or civil war) is misguided. Most of the main characters claim to want less deaths, but most of them kill as a step toward this goal. Corrick, acting on behalf of Harristan and Allisander, executes people who steal medicine, and the rebels bomb the palace, indiscriminately killing servants and other civilians in the process. Once the rebels gain momentum as a movement, they become more willing to kill in order to remove Harristan from power. However, Tessa doesn’t think the current government needs to be overthrown—simply overhauled. She thinks Harristan will be able to deal with the pandemic going forward, as long as he has trustworthy advisors in his corner. She reflects that political unrest—through the royals’ continued executions and the rebels’ continued attacks on supply runs and the palace—will only make medicine scarcer and harder to come by. Although Harristan and Corrick have made mistakes, Tessa trusts them to make better decisions with their new perspectives. She is also willing to work with rebel leader Lochlan to voice the needs of the general populace. The novel doesn’t address the issue of whether a monarchy is an effective or ineffective type of government, nor does it question the morality of Harristan’s right to rule in the first place. However, the novel does address the issue of age, suggesting that young people can be effective rulers (and provide valuable insight), but that a council of trustworthy advisors is needed.

The Complexity of Identity and Coming of Age

Several characters demonstrate the complexity of identity. Some of these characters have alter egos: Consuls Allisander and Lissa are the Benefactors, Corrick is Wes, and Harristan used the name Sullivan as a child. Even characters without alter egos or fake names, such as Tessa, still wear masks and operate under the cover of darkness to evade discovery. Tessa’s coworker Karri also forgoes a fake name, but lives a second life working with the rebels that Tessa doesn’t know about until late in the novel. This constant secrecy establishes Kandala as a place in which it is often unsafe to disclose one’s true identity. Most of the main characters have to “hide” to accomplish their goals. This is true for the protagonists and antagonists, and it’s true for the royals and working-class people. The novel often progresses through the exposure of characters’ identities. This mirrors the coming-of-age process, which also comprises exploring one’s identity.

Several characters’ identities shift as part of their coming of age. Whereas Prince Harristan was just Harristan (and sometimes Sullivan) before his parents were murdered, he suddenly became King Harristan—a shift in his identity that is reflected in his title. This shift happened when Harristan was 19, barely an adult with the added responsibilities of sudden ascension to the throne. Corrick was only 15 at the time of Harristan’s ascension, and was immediately thrust into the role of King’s Justice, in which he was required to torture and execute people. Whereas Harristan did not resist his role, Corrick took no joy in being King’s Justice. Because of this, Corrick created “Wes” and lived a double life, helping Tessa distribute free medicine at night while killing others for doing the same during the day. This causes Corrick a great deal of trauma over the years, until his double life is finally exposed and he’s freed of the burden of having to pretend, as well as the burden of being King’s Justice. This shift in identity rounds out Corrick’s coming of age: As Tessa notes, “He’s not Wes, because there is no Wes, not really. He’s Corrick. He’s always been Corrick” (325).

Although Tessa doesn’t create an alter ego or fake name for herself, her identity does shift in that she transcends class lines. Being working-class and from the Wilds, Tessa never imagined herself becoming an elite. However, she finds her position elevated when Harristan gives her a job working as an apothecary in the palace, as well as being his liaison for the general populace (the rebels and working-class people). Tessa essentially becomes a consul, even though consuls were among the people she used to hate the most. Compared to other characters, Tessa already knew herself well at the novel’s start. She has clear priorities and traits, such as helping people, valuing kindness, and avoiding violence. However, her coming of age is more about how she views others. Whereas Tessa once thought the royals and elites were actively malicious, after spending time with Corrick and Harristan, among others, she realizes they simply have different perspectives and options. By becoming somewhat of an elite and bridging the gap between elites and working-class people, she helps make the kingdom a more accommodating place for all.

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