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23 pages 46 minutes read

Salman Rushdie

Good Advice is Rarer than Rubies

Fiction | Short Story | Adult | Published in 1987

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Character Analysis

Miss Rehana

Miss Rehana, the protagonist, is employed as an ayah in Lahore, a city in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The story’s action revolves around her trip to the British Consulate, where she undergoes a screening process that will determine whether she can migrate to England to be with her fiancé, Mustafa Dar. Beautiful and independent, she travels alone to the Consulate without wearing a veil. Through the eyes of Muhammad and other men in the shantytown, her beauty takes on a bewitching quality; it alone compels Muhammad Ali to approach her and offer her a passport to England. She is the primary vehicle through which the story explores The (Western) Male Gaze and Constructions of Femininity.

Though the narrative does not grant readers direct access to Miss Rehana’s thoughts, there are small clues throughout the piece that she is both anxious and excited about the process she’ll undergo at the Consulate. She is otherwise calm and reserved. However, her true motives only emerge when she shares that her marriage was arranged and that she’d rather stay in Pakistan and live her life as she has been.

Miss Rehana is the wisest character in the story, as evidenced by her recognition that Muhammad Ali is scamming her. Grateful to have failed the screening for passage to England, she leaves the Consulate with the outcome she had hoped for and leaves Muhammad Ali to wonder at her character.

Muhammad Ali

A con artist, Muhammad Ali is the deuteragonist of the story. Described by himself and the narrator as old and gray-haired, Muhammad Ali resides, or at least works, in the shantytown erected between the bus compound and the British Consulate. He makes a living scamming women seeking passage to England. He is well-accustomed to his “work” and therefore very knowledgeable about what happens in the Consulate.

Muhammad Ali undergoes a change as he is entranced by Miss Rehana and her beautiful eyes. Compelled by what he claims is “fate” to approach her, he later offer his services to her for free and then finally reveals that he has a British passport—something he apparently has never before presented to women seeking his counsel.

Though Muhammad Ali is duplicitous, he sees himself as a fraud who cannot help it: He has to make a living somehow and does not take moral responsibility for his actions. First appearing as a sage-like figure, he transforms first into an elderly trickster and finally into the recipient of the story’s lesson when Miss Rehana “tricks” him as she does the Consulate.

The Lala

The narrator describes the lala guarding the British Consulate’s gate as bearded and wearing a turban and khaki uniform with gold buttons. Operating as an extension of the Consulate, this lala is the only agent of the Consulate to whom the reader is introduced; his surliness toward visitors reflects the Consulate’s combative attitude toward those seeking passage to England, although his marginally friendlier reaction to Miss Rehana implies the effect she has on people and foreshadows the success of her own mission at the Consulate. He later appears attempting to calm the Tuesday women crowding the gate to get in.

Sahibs

The sahibs (a polite title given to a man) are the Consulate officials, described as brutish and disrespectful, first by the lala that greets Miss Rehana and later by Muhammad Ali. The story never depicts a British sahib directly, but they operate as extensions of the Consulate and are therefore symbols of colonial power.

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