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53 pages 1 hour read

Luis Alberto Urrea

Good Night, Irene

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2023

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Part 1Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1: “This Is How We Remember”

Part 1, Chapter 1 Summary

Content Warning: The source material and this guide contain graphic descriptions of violence, sexual harassment, battle scenes, war-related trauma, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The source material uses the outdated term “shellshock” to refer to PTSD and also contains offensive and racist language.

In 1943, Irene Woodward leaves New York and joins the Red Cross. She uses makeup to cover the bruises on her face from her abusive fiancé as she leaves to report for duty in Washington, DC.

Irene sits next to an injured soldier on the train to Washington, DC, and tells him that she has joined the Clubmobile Service, which is a moral support truck service that provides soldiers with coffee and donuts on the front lines. The soldier tells her not to go, but Irene insists that she “intend[s] to serve [her] country” (13). The soldier tells Irene that if she survives, she will start to understand why he has warned her against pursuing her plans.

Part 1, Chapter 2 Summary

Irene settles into the hotel at the Red Cross training area and meets her roommate, Ellie. Meanwhile, Dorothy Dunford, who has also joined the Red Cross, travels to Washington, DC, from Indianapolis. Dorothy’s whole family has died, including her brother, who died at Pearl Harbor. Dorothy sold the family farm and signed up for the Red Cross because her grief has turned to anger, and she does not want to feel helpless any longer.

When Dorothy arrives at the hotel in Washington, DC, she meets Irene. Together, the two women go to the ballroom with the other volunteers. A soldier named Corporal Russell Penney introduces Captain Marjorie Miller, who tells the new volunteers that they have a great calling to take care of the soldiers; they will see unimaginable things overseas, but they must persevere.

Part 1, Chapter 3 Summary

During training, the women learn that they will receive an officer’s rank so that if any soldier tries to assault them, they can pull rank on him. One morning, their trainers take them to a military base. The women talk about one of the handsome fighter pilots who walks by. His nickname is “Handyman.” The soldiers give the women gas masks and make them do laps in a gas chamber. Dorothy and Irene are the only two women who pass the test.

After weeks of training, the Red Cross assigns Irene, Dorothy, and Ellie to the same truck, which is named the Rapid City. The women are stationed in England.

Part 1, Chapter 4 Summary

Irene, Dorothy, and Ellie board a ship to England. Later, Dorothy wakes Irene up, and they drink whiskey outside together. Suddenly, they hear explosions in the distance and realize that a torpedo has just hit the ship in front of them.

Part 1, Chapter 5 Summary

They land in England at a port city. Russell Penny picks the women up at the docks, telling them that he is a lieutenant now. Russell, or Rusty, drives them to the barracks on the docks. The next morning, they set up near the docks and serve the dockworkers and the personnel from arriving ships. Russell arrives at the end of the day and tells them that their new orders have summoned them to London.

Part 1, Chapter 6 Summary

The women board the train to London. On the train, the air-raid sirens sound, and everyone in the train gathers in the center aisle. Bombs hit the train, and Irene realizes that the carriage ahead of them is on fire. She fears that she will die and wishes that she had more time to tell Dorothy about the Woodward farm and how she hated the sound of pigs screaming before they died. The German bombers pass them, heading to a new destination.

Part 1, Chapter 7 Summary

The women disembark at the next station. A member of the Red Cross drives them into London. Irene watches the sky, wondering if Hans is flying somewhere above her.

Part 1, Chapter 8 Summary

The next morning, a driver takes them to a hotel, where they serve officers in the dining room. Dorothy points out Hans to Irene as he comes down the food line. Irene ignores Hans when he reaches her but surreptitiously watches him as he sits down.

Part 1, Chapter 9 Summary

Ellie returns home the next day. One day, Rusty arrives and gives Dorothy and Irene their first official assignment at an army air base in Glatton. Because the Clubmobile teams usually consist of three women, Irene and Dorothy joke about not having a Third Girl in the Truck. Rusty drives them to Glatton and takes them to a cottage in the town where they will stay for the duration of their assignment there.

Part 1, Chapter 10 Summary

Irene and Dorothy receive letters from soldiers thanking them for their kindnesses. After a few weeks, Irene decides to put on a talent show to ease the tension at the air base.

One day, after the talent show rehearsals, Irene goes to the pub in the village. Hans sits with Irene and introduces himself as Hans Vanderwey. She asks him how many people he has killed, and he admits that he has killed 13 but says that he does not like to talk about it. He tells her that he has not stopped thinking about her since London. When he walks her outside, he hugs her, but she pulls away when he tries to kiss her.

Part 1, Chapter 11 Summary

Dorothy sits in the Aero club and watches the talent show. She recognizes Hans’s friend, Smitty, when he performs a Hitler impersonation that makes the men laugh. Hans plays guitar and performs with a band, winning the talent show prize money.

Part 1, Chapter 12 Summary

A few days later, their new truck, Rapid City, finally arrives. Irene and Dorothy are happy to have a truck that will be their new home. That night, they go to the pub, and along with the soldiers, they celebrate the arrival of the truck.

Part 1, Chapter 13 Summary

One night in June, Hans throws pebbles at Irene’s window and serenades her. A week later, D-Day takes place, and Dorothy and Irene finally understand the reason for the recent tension at the air base. They receive word from the Red Cross that they need extra help in London, so Irene offers to go, arriving at the hotel in London a few days later. While she bathes, the bombing starts. She jumps out of the tub and puts her uniform on as the sounds of the bombs grow louder. As she rushes outside, the sirens drown out all sound, and she tries to help a soldier in front of her who has glass in his face. He tells her that he saw a girl with flowers just before bombs exploded and asks Irene to help her. Irene runs toward the smoke, looking for the girl. She sees a woman covered in blood and realizes that one of the woman’s arms is detached from her body and is merely hanging in her dress. The woman asks Irene to help her, then collapses on the ground. Suddenly, Hans appears next to Irene and carries her away from everything.

Hans takes Irene to her room and runs a bath for her. He sits outside the bathroom door while she bathes and tells her that she will have to stay busy to forget about the carnage she saw. He plays music for her while she bathes. After her bath, Irene comes out wrapped in a towel, then sits in Hans’s lap and falls asleep. Later, when she returns to Glatton, she tells Dorothy about the bombing. They then receive orders to take the Rapid City to Utah Beach in Normandy. Dorothy drives the Rapid City off a Landing Ship-Tank when they arrive.

Part 1 Analysis

This section of the novel is primarily dedicated to establishing the everyday “norms” of Irene and Dorothy’s work as they struggle to adapt to the many changes that come their way, and central to their endeavors to perform their job well is the ongoing theme of Gender Roles in World War II. Although the so-called “Donut Dollies” who operate the Clubmobile service do not participate directly in battles, they nonetheless take on many of the same risks and experience very similar traumas to the soldiers they endeavor to support. And while the women are largely perceived as a symbol of domesticity amidst a war-torn environment, they harbor their own flint-hard reasons for joining the war effort. For example, Dorothy joins the Red Cross because it is the only area available for women in the war, yet she resolves that she is not “going to the war only for men to tell her what to do” (21). Dorothy’s internal conflict around breaking free from restrictive and stereotypical gender roles continues throughout the narrative, and she finds more and more audacious ways to transcend these limitations, thereby revealing Luis Alberto Urrea’s larger goal to fully celebrate these women’s largely unsung contributions to the war effort. When Captain Miller gives her speech to the new volunteers at the beginning of their training, she outlines that their main role in the war is to “represent the nation and all it means to a young soldier facing terror every day” (24). However, the narrative also establishes the fact that despite the heroism of these soldiers, they may pose a threat to the women’s safety; it is significant that the Red Cross makes the women officers so that if “any grunt over there got too frisky, they could pull rank” (27). Thus, Urrea introduces this element of foreshadowing to emphasize the threat of sexual assault that looms over the women each day. Because of the misogynistic views of the time period, they must strike a fine balance between sexualizing themselves to boost morale while never allowing the men to touch them.

This section also introduces the theme of Mental Health Issues and Wartime Trauma. For example, when Irene speaks to a soldier with a metal leg while on the train to Washington, DC, she knows that he has experienced traumas but does not yet fully understand what he has been through since she has not experienced such situations for herself. It is important to note that although Irene interprets his disapproval of her career plans to be unpatriotic and sexist, the reality is that the soldier wants to protect her from experiencing traumas similar to his own. Although the soldier cannot talk Irene out of going to war, his words about survival stay with her throughout the novel because he tells her that if she gets “to come home, [she] will be so grateful [she] won’t realize at first that [she] survived. But once [she] know[s she] survived, [she’ll] only be starting to understand” (14). Irene does not know what the soldier means until the end of the novel, but she eventually realizes that his words refer to the crippling effects of survival’s guilt: a classic symptom of PTSD. In fact, Irene herself begins to experience PTSD symptoms before she arrives in Europe, and her experience of the carnage after the bombing in London only intensifies these effects, which the novel refers to using the now-outdated term of “shellshock.” And just as survivors of such traumas often only find solace in each other, Irene stops trying to describe her experiences to anyone back home and instead becomes close with Hans because he understands her trauma responses. Most importantly, Hans reminds her that the only thing she can do after seeing war images is to remind herself that she “walked out of there. [She] get[s] one more day. So [she] win[s]” (125). As the novel progresses, the women’s determination to survive stands alongside their continued motivation to serve the soldiers and the ongoing war effort in meaningful ways.

To conjure a sense of the transience and danger that characterizes the women’s Red Cross service, Urrea constantly shifts the settings in the novel, blending the many landscapes into one long parade of trauma, suffering, and destruction, and even these early chapters provide Irene with an inkling of the darker experiences that the injured soldier on the train to Washington, DC, warned her that she would encounter. Thus, the recurring theme of Mental Health Issues and Wartime Trauma takes up a prominent position and foreshadows even more intense experiences to come. Yet despite the inherent risks of the women’s duties, they find a modicum of stability and comfort with the arrival of their vehicle, the Rapid City, for the truck provides them with a much-needed home base and comes to represent a form of safety that is otherwise nowhere to be found. As Dorothy has “visions of restless roaming” (111), she and Irene romanticize the truck, whose importance to their work renders it a character in its own right. As the narrative continues, the women sometimes feel trapped by the truck, but they never lose the sense of comfort they get from the truck’s reliability amidst the perils of the ever-shifting world that surrounds them.

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