81 pages • 2 hours read
Jean Craighead GeorgeA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
One morning Sam encounters a young raccoon that he calls Jessie Coon James. (It is not until later in the story that Sam realizes Jessie Coon James is a female raccoon rather than a male.) Feeling sorry for the scrawny and cross-eyed critter, Sam invites Jessie Coon James into his tree home and feeds her. Jessie proves useful for Sam and Frightful, as she’s the best at digging up mussels. Sam notes that Frightful had become an expert hunter by this time, particularly of small game like rabbits and pheasants. This help allows Sam time to concoct interesting beverages using the roots of trees, such as sassafras and pennyroyal.
Sam and Frightful receive a momentary scare as they hear police sirens not far from their camp. The sirens go away quickly, though shortly afterward Sam notices a man sleeping. Rather than hide like he’d conditioned himself to do any time another human came around, Sam suddenly feels a desire to see another person and walks over to the sleeping man.
Because of the police sirens, Sam convinces himself that the sleeping man could be an outlaw, a thought that seemingly piques Sam’s curiosity further. Sam wakes up the man and briefly talks to him before extending an invitation for the man to come to Sam’s tree house and enjoy a meal of venison. After devouring the meal, the man asks if he may call Sam “Thoreau” (in reference to Henry David Thoreau), and Sam decides to refer to this man as “Bando.”
The next day Sam inquires about Bando’s “business”—his job or vocation. Sam finally vocalizes his feelings that Bando may be some kind of criminal, causing Bando to laugh. Sam learns that Bando is actually an English teacher who got lost while hiking in the Catskills. Since it is summer vacation for Bando, he is able to spend a little over a week at Sam’s camp. Sam and Bando become good friends over this time, primarily hunting, gathering, and cooking up the various foods they find. Bando proves resourceful for Sam as he finds some clay and makes clay jars and lids for Sam to store his food. Bando also teaches Sam how to make willow whistles to play songs. At the end of the chapter, Sam and Bando say their goodbyes, with Bando agreeing to return for a visit over his Christmas break.
In September Sam notices various animals preparing for winter: Squirrels and chipmunks collect and store nuts, and birds gather together to migrate south. Sam sees his raccoon pal Jessie C. James getting fat and The Baron “changing his summer fur for his white winter mantle” (87). All of this change sends fear into Sam as he thinks about the long, lonely, and cold winter months ahead. Following in the footsteps of the forest animals, Sam begins his own preparations for winter. He works on making warmer clothes—fur underwear, fur-lined socks, and mittens—and then enacts a plan to build a fireplace and chimney made of clay to heat the inside of his tree.
Sam spends the next three days working on his fireplace and chimney. His biggest obstacle is figuring out a way to let smoke out of the tree so that he can still breathe. Eventually Sam finds a flat stone that he breaks into two pieces and uses to hold up his funnel system for releasing the smoke. While working on the fireplace, Sam panics as a now more grown Frightful flies away and does not return to the sound of his whistles. Sam tells the reader that although he is able to survive without Frightful, he’s grown very attached to the bird and can’t imagine being without her during the winter. Frightful does soon come back to Sam, having caught herself a bird, an act that demonstrates Frightful’s own growth and independence.
As winter approaches, Sam races to gather nuts and fruits, forced to compete against squirrels and other forest critters to collect these foods before they’re gone. Around this same time, Sam realizes that it is Halloween and decides to throw a party. He sets out piles of rabbit, fish, nuts, and fruit as an invitation to the animals that lived near his camp. Sam’s Halloween party starts peacefully, with animals eating these treats here and there; however, the party takes a turn for the worst once Sam goes to bed. In the middle of the night, Sam wakes up to the sound of animals screaming and running around his tree house, creating a mess. Wild animals not only invade Sam’s home, but also find his stored nuts for the winter and throw them everywhere. Sam spends the rest of his Halloween night trying to get rid of his guests, having learned a valuable lesson not to feed wild animals because they’re not all as friendly as The Baron or Jessie C. James.
On an early November morning, Sam awakens to the sound of a rifle shot. Much like in the summer, Sam decides it is in his best interest to remain bunkered in his tree house as hunters roam about. After a week of hiding out and wanting some exercise, Sam goes against his better judgment and starts walking toward the library to visit Miss Turner. Along the way, a shot from a hunter’s rifle whizzes by Sam and causes him to dart up into a tree to hide.
While hiding up in this tree, Sam decides to reenact his plan from the summer, when he would poach dead deer from the hunters. Sam waits and waits until the hunter is gone to go claim another deer in this fashion. Sam is happy to replenish his venison supply for winter as well as make a new jacket. He informs the reader that he would gain a few more deer using this method of stealing deer from hunters before winter officially arrived.
Later on in November, Sam feels an urge to trek into town. Wearing his normal deerskin clothing, Sam naturally draws a lot of unwanted attention and so quickly ducks into the town’s drugstore. Inside the drugstore a young boy about the same age as Sam approaches him, calling him “Daniel Boone” because of his outfit. The boy jokes with Sam, asking if he’s playing cowboys and Indians. After talking for a bit, Sam invites the boy to his home at the Gribley farm property. Sam refers to his new friend as “Mr. Jacket” based on the leather jacket he was wearing during their interaction. At the very end of the chapter, Sam realizes that he forgot to stockpile wood for the winter and needs to do so with the first snowstorm nearly upon him.
Chapters 12-16 focus on autumn in the Catskills, and centrally on Sam’s preparations for winter. Sam learns how and when to prepare for winter from watching local animals. In fact, Sam comes to realize that he’s racing against many of these animals to gather and store as much food as he can for winter before it’s gone. Sam also watches birds gathering for migration and notices certain animals developing fur coats, changes that inspire Sam to work on a fireplace and chimney for his tree house. These parts of the story demonstrate Sam’s need to become more instinctual and adaptive (like animals) to survive a harsh winter in the wild.
Despite spending a lot of time watching and interacting with animals, in these chapters Sam actually starts seeking out relationships with other humans. Sam’s desire to interact with another person manifests itself as he brazenly invites Bando to his camp, even though Sam believes Bando may very well be a dangerous criminal. Sam enjoys spending time with Bando, getting to share his routine with another person, but once Bando leaves Sam starts feeling lonely.
Loneliness is an important motif in these chapters; with winter fast approaching, Sam fears spending significant time alone. Sam tells the reader that he contemplated going home before winter. He does not do so, but just prior to winter, Sam walks into town because he wishes to see other people. Sam tries to fill his loneliness in Chapter 14 by throwing a Halloween party, attempting to bring a human social gathering into his wilderness life. However, when Sam’s guests trash his tree house on Halloween night, he’s further reminded of how different wild animals are from humans.
Later on in the story, Sam invites more people into his camp. One of these people is a boy (“Mr. Jacket,” whose real name is Tom Sidler) who is the same age as Sam and whom Sam befriends on the day he ventures into the town drugstore. This chapter is importantly titled “Trouble Begins,” referring to the first time Sam reveals to someone else where he lives. There is foreshadowing in the revelation, as later in the story many more people—both wanted and unwanted by Sam—will navigate their way to Gribley farm.
Though he does not yet realize it, these chapters show Sam in the early stages of building something resembling a community at Gribley farm. The importance of community is one of the overarching themes of the story, as Sam’s adventure begins in solitude and eventually shifts toward a desire for community. No matter how independent or self-sufficient Sam becomes, there remains value in being part of a larger community of people.
By Jean Craighead George