logo

72 pages 2 hours read

Lois Lowry

Number the Stars

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1989

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.

Chapters 4-6Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 4 Summary: “It Will Be a Long Night”

All three girls play with paper dolls, pretending they are characters in Gone with the Wind. Ellen, in particular, is good at acting. Mrs. Johansen brings in new shoes for Kirsti, who hates them. Because war shortages mean there is no leather, her shoes are made out of fish skin and are green. Ellen suggests using ink to dye them black, which Kirsti accepts. The girls return to their game, which mixes the story with locations they know, such as Tivoli Gardens. Annemarie remembers seeing fireworks at Tivoli Gardens and Kirsti claims she can also remember this, though Annemarie knows she is too young. However, she figures out that Kirsti is actually remembering the time when the country blew up their own naval fleet, destroying their ships so the Nazis couldn't take them. At the time, her mother thought the king must have been sad about it, but her father said he must have been proud. The memory makes Annemarie want to stop playing. Ellen has to go home anyway to help clean for the Jewish New Year celebration. She invites Kirsti to come and see Mrs. Rosen light the candles.

On Thursday, the Johansens see the Rosens going to synagogue. Later that night, Mrs. Rosen tells Annemarie and Kirsti that Ellen will be staying overnight with them. Annemarie is surprised, since it is the Jewish New Year, but her mother explains that the Rosens are going to visit their relatives and that Ellen will sleep with her while Kirsti will sleep with her parents. During dinner that night, Ellen is particularly quiet. Later, when Annemarie, her father, and Ellen are alone, Annemarie asks what's wrong. Her father tells her that Ellen already knows. At the synagogue, the rabbi told the congregation that the Germans took lists of the Jews in order to arrest them. The Johansens decided they could hide one person, but not three, in their apartment. Meanwhile, Peter has agreed to help the Rosens go elsewhere. Mr. Johansen doesn't know where, but he does know they are safe. He tells Annemarie to pretend she and Ellen are sisters, that he has three daughters again.

Chapter 5 Summary: “Who is the Dark-Haired One?”

In bed, Ellen worries that the soldiers will come, but Annemarie just thinks it's an empty threat. Ellen talks about pretending to be Lise, which Annemarie thinks she can do because she is such a good actress. They discuss her sister's death. Annemarie doesn't really know how she died, only that it was an accident. It was raining that day, and slippery. She points out Lise's trousseau to Ellen, noticing the Star of David necklace that Ellen is wearing as they talk. Ellen admits that she is scared of dying but falls asleep.

There is a pounding on the apartment's front door. A soldier says he knows they are friends of the Rosens. The Johansens tell him to look in the Rosens' apartment, but he says it is empty and asks if they were visiting. He wants to look around and Mrs. Johansen tells him not to wake the children. Already awake, Annemarie tells Ellen to take off her necklace, but it is stuck. Eventually, Annemarie pulls it off, keeping it in her palm. Three officers come in with a flashlight, and the girls pretend to wake up. The soldiers ask their names, and Ellen lies. One soldier makes a joke about how Ellen has dark hair, unlike the other members of the family. He wonders if she is actually part of the family: “Where did you get the dark-haired one?” (Page 47). Mr. Johansen takes out a photo album and shows photos (with the dates torn off) of Lise with dark curls. The soldiers leave, and Annemarie remembers she still has the Star of David necklace in her hand.

Chapter 6 Summary: “Is the Weather Good for Fishing?”

Mr. Johansen worries that the Germans are suspicious now. Ellen apologizes for the color of her hair, but Mrs. Johansen tells her not to. It's the first time the family has talked about Lise in three years. The parents decide the girls will go on “vacation” to visit Henrik, Mrs. Johansen's brother, based on what Peter has told them. Although Mr. Johansen wants to go, Mrs. Johansen thinks it will be less suspicious if she goes alone with the children. Eventually, she convinces him, and he calls Henrik. Annemarie tells Ellen it's where her mother grew up, and that they can see Sweden across the water. On the call, Mr. Johansen asks if the weather is good for fishing, saying that he has a lot of cigarettes to send. This is strange, but Annemarie figures out that this is code for Ellen.

On the train ride, Annemarie wants to stop to see tourist attractions, but they can't. Soldiers stop them on the train. Mrs. Johansen explains they are visiting her brother. They try to trap her by asking if she is visiting for the New Year, which she answers with confusion, since it is October. Kirsti starts to talk, which scares Annemarie, but she only wants to show them her new shoes. At their destination, the girls and Mrs. Johansen walk from the station, passing an old castle and the former house of Mrs. Johansen's aunt. Mrs. Johansen remembers when she was little and her dog, Trofast, would follow her to school along the path, which is empty today. As the approach the house, Annemarie runs ahead to see it. Her mother tells her to inform her uncle they've brought a friend.  

Chapters 4-6 Analysis

This section further develops the main characters, depicting the traits that will be key in driving the story towards its climax. Although the scene in which the girls play with dolls may seem frivolous, it is key in developing Ellen as a great actress—which will save her life when the Nazis question her late at night and she must pretend to be Lise. Kirsti's innocence, again paralleling the innocence of the Danes at the beginning of the war, appears as she remembers “fireworks” on her birthday. Annemarie knows that they were not actually fireworks, but instead the king blowing up his own naval fleet so that it would not fall into German hands.

The setting expands in these chapters, showing the scope of the changes that war has brought to Denmark. The past is compared to the present often here, from Annemarie’s memory of watching fireworks at Tivoli Gardens and her sister’s death to more trivial issues, such as Kirsti's disgust with her new shoes and Annemarie's desire to stop and see tourist attractions on their way to the seaside. In these contrasts, Lowry emphasizes the overwhelming way in which the war has changed the characters' lives—not only in Copenhagen itself, but also throughout the country. Even on the train, the characters are not safe, as German soldiers stop and question them.

The tension in the plot also builds as danger increases for the Rosens and thus for the Johansens, who are attempting to protect them. However, as the danger increases, so do the characters' acts of bravery, large and small. The Johansens hide Ellen, a large act of bravery, while Annemarie pulls off Ellen's necklace, a smaller one. Annemarie’s decision to take Ellen's necklace is also symbolic: Annemarie is helping Ellen hide her faith, for which she would be persecuted. Lowry makes it clear that such acts are both understandable and necessary to protect those we love.

Kirsti's interaction with the Nazi soldiers on the train again emphasizes the safety and dangers of ignorance. Although her comment about the shoes is charming and helps ease the tension, Annemarie fears she is going to reveal that Ellen is Jewish, having recently celebrated the Jewish New Year. Since Kirsti does not know that she needs to keep Ellen's faith secret, she is at once protected from having to keep the secret, but simultaneously more dangerous because she might share it at any moment. As the dangers increase throughout the story, this duality builds.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text
blurred text