46 pages • 1 hour read
Joan M. WolfA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Chapter 4 shows Eva’s daily life at the German facility. The girls wake up to the German national anthem before sunrise and salute Hitler. Eva hides Babichka’s pin in her blouse before breakfast, calisthenics, and classes. Their classes are focused on learning the German language, history, and culture as well as the ideology of Nazism. Franziska, previously known as Ruzha, thrives in German classes and is quick to point out the mistakes other girls make. She becomes a favorite among the teachers.
Eva, on the other hand, struggles with her German. After a hard day, she cries in Czech that she hates German. Franziska corrects Eva, saying that German is the only “true language.” Eva does not argue but thinks about telling Franziska that neither of them are truly German.
Later, a small six-year-old girl from Poland forgets the rules and replies to a conversation in Polish. The teacher yanks the girl from her chair, pulls down her underwear, and spanks her bare skin with a ruler. She throws the girl on the floor and leaves her there. The incident upsets Eva, who dreams of having a big cake to celebrate when the Nazis are defeated.
As the girls learn German, they are told that their blond hair and light-colored eyes mark them as members of the Aryan race, which is superior to all others. Their Germanization includes several activities: They are taught that they will bring Germany to “glory,” read books about being Aryan, and watch propaganda films about Jews. Eva befriends a girl named Liesel who agrees that nothing in their textbooks makes sense. Meanwhile, other girls like Franziska embrace the inundation of German ideals. Many of the girls cry frequently but are ignored, as the German philosophy equates sadness with weakness. Eva realizes that her days in the facility belong to Hitler, and she must hide pieces of herself. During the day, she is an Aryan girl named Eva, but at night, she reminds herself that she is a Czech girl named Milada.
After four months at the facility, the Polish six-year-old has not made any improvements in her German and has begun wetting the bed each night. One day, she disappears, and the girl’s sister disappears soon after. Fräulein Krüger tells the remaining girls that the sisters were taken to another facility for extra lessons, but the girls are unconvinced. One girl wonders if the sisters were shot, just like she saw a Jew shot once. Franziska tells the girls that Jews “deserve” it and then goes to sleep.
Eva has been at the facility for seven months. Her friend Liesel gets into an argument with another girl. The girl reiterates Fräulein Krüger’s rationale and maintains that Liesel was sent to the facility because Liesel’s mother couldn’t afford her. Liesel refuses to believe Fräulein Krüger’s story. Eva chimes in, saying that she remembers her mother too, even though Fräulein Krüger contends that Eva’s parents died in an Allied air raid. Franziska glares at Eva and tells her that both of their parents died in the air raid, but Eva remembers when the Nazis came and took her.
That night, Eva realizes that she cannot remember her Czech name. She feels like she has broken her promise to her grandmother to remember who she is and where she comes from. Many weeks later, Babichka’s pin unclasps and stabs Eva, waking her. Eva decides to sneak outside and look at the stars. She sees many shooting stars and takes it as a sign from her grandmother. She can suddenly remember Babichka singing a lullaby with her name, Milada, in it. Remembering her Czech name allows Eva to bear the monotony of life at the facility. She still believes she will return to her home and family.
The health teacher brings a mirror into class one day. None of the girls have seen their reflections since being brought to the facility. Eva doesn’t recognize herself and says, “the person in the mirror looked less like a little girl and more like a young woman” (54). Eva takes note of her light hair and eyes, features she never paid attention to before, because they mark her as a future German citizen.
Another night, Eva begins singing the Czech national anthem in her sleep before Liesel wakes her. Eva then takes Liesel outside to see the stars, and they sneak into a small chapel. Liesel tells Eva that her real name is Katarzyna, and Eva says that her real name is Milada. Eva shows Liesel the garnet pin, and they promise each other that they will only use their real names when they enter this chapel.
While Eva and Liesel become friends, Franziska grows closer to another girl named Siegrid. Franziska and Siegrid are model students and model German citizens, praised by the teachers. They use this power to humiliate girls who are struggling with their lessons and those who are too afraid to challenge them. Eva and Liesel continue to visit the little chapel where they call each other their real names. They share stories about life before the facility, and the visits keep each of them hopeful.
One morning, the girls receive formal uniforms and pocket money, and they are taken into the city of Puschkau. The girls are excited to get out of the facility and talk about what they will spend their money on. While at a candy store, Eva sees an old woman through the window and thinks she is Babichka. Eva goes to the woman, but the woman spits on Eva, calling her a Nazi and “evil child.” Fräulein Krüger beats the woman, and the girls try to comfort Eva. Franziska tells Eva that they are Nazis, even when Eva claims she is not. After this incident, Eva feels distant from the other girls and tries to remember who she is by repeating her Czech name to herself.
The girls’ routine is interrupted again, and the soldiers take them to the small chapel Eva and Liesel visit at night. There are two male Nazi soldiers the girls have never seen before. Fräulein Krüger tells the girls that they have completed their training to become model German girls and are ready to be adopted into their German families. Eva faints and wakes up to two strangers, Frau and Herr Werner, her new German parents.
The Werners live in a massive white house in Fürstenberg, Germany. They have a 14-year-old daughter named Elsbeth and an eight-year-old son named Peter. Eva notices a strange smell in the house, which Frau Werner dismisses, calling it the “cost of war” (69).
Frau Werner shows Eva to her bedroom, a lavish pink room she has all to herself. Eva is struck by the lace curtains, the soft, clean sheets, and the lace detail on her nightgown. Frau Werner comes in to say goodnight and holds Eva as Eva begins to cry. Eva is conflicted. She knows that this is not her mother, family, nor home, yet she feels safe in Frau Werner’s embrace. For the first time, Eva begins to wonder if her family will ever come for her.
Chapters 4 through 7 build on the themes of The Loss and Rediscovery of Identity During Nazi Occupation and The Effects of Germanization on Children.
Eva deals with internal conflict in these chapters. The German indoctrination is hard to resist, and she forgets her Czech name despite all her efforts. The girls are constantly inundated with Nazi ideology and are isolated from other sources of information. They can’t even establish their physical sense of self and individuality because they are unable to see their own reflections. The facility instructors deliberately withhold mirrors and reintroduce the girls to their reflections as part of psychological reconditioning.
However, the girls at the facility do not all respond to Germanization in the same way. In one example, the girls’ responses to the Polish woman’s comments shows this difference. Franziska calls the old woman “nasty,” while Eva shows empathy for the beating the old woman endures. In another example, the girls anxiously wonder what happened to the two sisters who disappeared. One girl questions whether the sisters were shot, just as she had seen the Nazis shoot a Jew. Franziska, who embraces Nazism, issues a biting retort in favor of murder. Historically, children at the Lebensborn centers who did not comply with Nazism were sent to concentration camps and ultimately their death. Because readers have knowledge of the events of WWII, we can infer that the two sisters were not sent to another training facility to receive additional lessons. These two examples demonstrate that Franziska is a foil to Eva. A foil is a character whose differences help to highlight key character traits of the protagonist. Although both Franziska (formerly Ruzha) and Eva are from Lidice, Franziska willingly adopts the Nazi ideology and turns into the ideal German girl, “eager, smart, always prepared, and quick to criticize anyone who faltered in the slightest way, either in lessons or in her allegiance to the Nazis” (59). Meanwhile, Eva resists Nazism and fights to hold onto her Czech identity. In contrast, Franziska’s willingness to shed her Czech identity further illustrates Eva’s challenging journey of rediscovery.
These chapters are also showcase literary devices, such as symbolism, foreshadowing, and imagery. Babichka’s star pin, which represents Eva’s identity and is her tether to home, literally and metaphorically unclasps to awaken Eva from her sleep. As a result, her Czech identity reawakens. Eva sees a shooting star and suddenly remembers her dear Babichka. She views the star as a message from Babichka—a reminder of who she is and where she comes from—and remembers her Czech name.
Although Eva is assured in holding onto her real name, she is still just an innocent child longing for a sense of safety and comfort. When Frau Werner hugs Eva, Eva cries, feeling safe in a motherly embrace for the first time in a long time. Eva is conflicted because she knows that Frau Werner is a Nazi, one of the people who destroyed her previous life, but Eva still feels safe and loved. In contrast to this familial warmth, the unsettling smell that pervades the Werners’ home foreshadows a looming truth. Readers later learn that the fumes are from the nearby concentration camp that Herr Werner runs, and the stench results from the incineration of deceased prisoners. This imagery juxtaposes with the Werners’ immaculate house and rich furnishings to create a sense of foreboding.
9th-12th Grade Historical Fiction
View Collection
Family
View Collection
International Holocaust Remembrance Day
View Collection
Juvenile Literature
View Collection
Memorial Day Reads
View Collection
Memory
View Collection
Military Reads
View Collection
Sexual Harassment & Violence
View Collection
World War II
View Collection