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Edith WhartonA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
Charity marches into the North Dormer Town Hall for the Old Home Week celebration, and she is “[…] third in the white muslin file” and favorably impressed by the festive decorations. The minister leads the group in prayer, and the young women sing “Home Sweet Home.” Subsequently, Lawyer Royall ascends the stage to speak, and Charity notices that “[…] his gravely set face wore the look of majesty” (98). He appears well dressed and dignified and orates articulately. In his address, he alludes to the fact that he left the town as a young man for “for larger duties,” and had “come back in another way—come back for good” (99). Royall implies that his own return was necessitated by unforeseen circumstances but emphasizes that other young men who return to the town from the city should “make the best of it” and that “[…] the best way to help the places we live in is to be glad we live there” (100).
Charity searches the crowd for a glimpse of Harney and ultimately realizes that he is seated in the audience next to Annabelle Balch. Charity has an epiphany about their relationship and realizes that he moves in a sphere entirely removed from her own. She has a sense of “[…] the mysterious attractions that must even now be dragging him away from her, and of her own powerlessness to contend with them” (102). Overcome by the enormity of the realization that she had “[…] given him all she had” (102), as well as the intense heat and her feeling of physical illness, she collapses at the feet of her guardian, Mr. Royall.
As the several days of Old Home Week celebration come to an end, Charity returns to the little house where she and Harney meet. She attributes her fainting spell in the Town Hall to the heat and the length of the ceremony. That evening, she is delighted when Harney is waiting for her at the dance and “[…] swept her off in a waltz” (104). Charity is also delighted to see that when Annabelle Balch enters the dance with Miss Hatchard, the younger woman is wearing an unattractive dress and looks worried. Harney appeases Charity by explaining that Miss Hatchard prevailed upon him to dance with each young lady; however, he asks her permission prior to each dance. Conversely, Charity is unable to forget the image of her lover and Annabelle at the Town Hall and experiences nagging doubts about the relationship.
She hears someone at the door and assumes that Harney has arrived, but “[t]he door opened and Mr. Royall walked into the room” (106). He advises Charity that he wants to talk to her before Harney arrives and asks what her intentions are. Royall alludes with shame to the evening of his drunken sexual advances toward her but reminds the young woman that he “[…] raised you as good as I could” (107) and is looking out for her welfare.
Harney enters, and Royall asks whether he intends to marry Charity; the young man evades the question by noting that Charity is an adult who meets at the house of her own volition. Royall encourages Charity to ask Harney when the wedding may take place but then notes that “I’m the only one that was fool enough not to know that” (108), an apparent allusion to the fact that his own marriage to the late Mrs. Royall may have been precipitated by the fact that they had conducted a love affair.
When Royall departs, the room in the cabin is described as having “[…] turned grey and indistinct” (109). The tone of the interaction between Harney and Charity has dimmed, as well. He produces sandwiches pilfered from the festival and advises her that he will have to leave for “a month or two” (109) but will marry her upon his return; however, Charity senses that his voice sounds unfamiliar. Prior to their last sexual encounter, he says, “‘But it’s been good, though, hasn’t it, Charity?’” (109).
As the lovers part, Harney asks Charity not to mention their impending marriage plans until his return. Still reeling from the shame of her encounter with Royall, she agrees hastily and experiences a sense of numbness. Her autonomy and independence has diminished; she fears the social comparisons that may result from marriage to Harney. Even his New York City mailing address at a club on Fifth Avenue is threatening to her, as she “[…] had never written to anyone farther away than Hepburn” (111). Harney writes to Charity ten days after his departure, and the tone is “tender but grave” (112). Realizing her own inadequacy at self-expression, she responds with a brief postcard and is aware that this may seem cold; however, she still recalls that marriage was never discussed prior to Royall introducing the subject so forcefully.
Ally Hawes visits Charity at home and sews clothing for Annabelle Balch during their time together. Innocently, Ally mentions that Annabelle left town with Mr. Harney after the Old Home celebration; Annabelle advised Ally that her services as a seamstress would be needed for her wedding trousseau, as she is engaged to Harney. Charity responds by tearing the lace garment that Ally is sewing to shreds.
The following day, Charity writes Harney, advising him that he should fulfill his promise to marry Annabelle; she is surprised when she receives no immediate response. Her physical condition changes, and she feels overcome by a “wave of sickness” (116). The next scene finds Charity at the Nettleton office of the abortionist, Dr. Merkle, who advises the girl that the pregnancy may be terminated in another month. When Charity is unable to pay the $5-charge for the visit, the unethical Merkle takes the blue brooch bought by Harney as collateral until the bill is paid.
Upon her return home, Charity receives an artfully phrased letter from Harney that offers her no hope as to their marriage: “If ever there is a hope of realizing what we dreamed of you will see me back on the instant” (121). Weeping, Charity happens upon Royall in his study; his gaze implies that he had warned her about the relationship, offered to force Harney into marriage, and may be aware of her pregnancy. Determined not to be the object of vicious village gossip, Charity decides to return to the Mountain to raise her baby.
The complexities of the character of Mr. Royall are explored more fully in this section. Originally depicted merely as a disgruntled lawyer who is unable to practice in the city, the author infers that he relocated to North Dormer in order to marry a lover whose reputation would have been disgraced otherwise. While the reader has seen him described as drunkard on two occasions, one of which involved a plea to his foster daughter to engage in a sexual relationship, the events of these chapters depict some facets of integrity. Specifically, the speech that he delivers on the first day of the Old Home Week celebration is philosophical and reflective. While acknowledging the lure of the cities, he urges his listeners to make the best of their rural surroundings and do their best to improve the small town. He notes, “‘Some of us come back for good’” (100), and it is the ambiguous use of that term that provides a clue into the more decent aspects of his character. He uses “for good” not only to imply the finality of the decision to live in North Dormer, but to encourage his listeners to do “good” for those around them. Finally, at the risk of alienating Charity permanently, Royall confronts Harney and demands to know whether he intends to marry the young woman.
Similarly, Charity has several realizations about herself, Harney, and the improbability of their future relationship. Even as she is experiencing what are later revealed to be early symptoms of pregnancy, she observes Annabelle Balch whispering to Harney in the audience of the Old Home celebration and realizes that she knows nothing of “[…] the whole inscrutable mystery of his life: his relations […] with other women […] the net of influences and interests and ambitions in which every man’s life is entangled” (101). Aside from the class barriers that separate the two, Charity becomes aware of her relative lack of ability to express herself, her own fear of a more sophisticated lifestyle, and his growing sense of emotional distance from her. Even as Harney bids her farewell and promises to return at some unnamed future date to marry her, he asks that she keep their plans a secret. She becomes aware that furtiveness and shame will characterize their relationship, should one materialize, and ultimately displays integrity by releasing him from his vow by writing a simple, ungrammatical letter. When Ally Hawes reveals that she is sewing a lace wedding trousseau garment for Annabelle Balch’s marriage to Harney, Charity grabs the material and shreds it with her hands. In doing so, she shreds the delicate fabric that characterized her relationship with Harney.
By Edith Wharton