59 pages • 1 hour read
George SaundersA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
“Exhortation” is written as an office memo by Divisional Director Todd Birnie to his staff. He addresses what he sees as negativity about the work, comparing it to cleaning a shelf and saying that “the ‘shelf’ is going to be cleaned […] either by you or the guy who replaces you” (83). He further compares their work to lifting a dead whale carcass, revealing that he and his sons had been involved in such a task while on Reston Island; the work became much easier when a former Marine pumped them up about the importance of the task.
Todd wants his employees to cut back on complaining about work, suggesting that the time to do so is past and reminding them of when a colleague, Andy, doubled his usual number of units; to Todd, this is remarkable in and of itself, despite the unclear moral implications of their unspecified work, which involves “cleanup towels.” Todd implies Andy’s performance that month should make the other employees envious and speculates it has to do with having a child; Todd does not monitor Andy’s numbers closely any more, despite the fact that they have fallen off. Andy has become depressed, and others may be paying attention to his reduced performance, about which Todd might call Andy’s wife.
Todd argues that Andy’s attitude does not change what he did in Room 6 to achieve such high numbers, and admits that what they are asked to do in Room 6 “can be a bummer” (87). However, the numbers cannot go down and the employees only hurt themselves with their poor attitudes. Todd claims to have raised the issue of morale at the Sectional Meeting, which was met with silence. His superior reminded him that if his team did not clean their “shelf” they might end up on the “shelf.” Todd encourages his employees to speak to him if they have any doubts about their work and assures them that the conversation will remain private.
This story takes the form of a corporate epistolary: a memo written to all employees of the speaker, Todd Birnie. Todd is someone familiar with using the tools of corporate power to get what he wants, and the memo is written in a way that demonstrates the theme of Soft Power and the Nature of Control. He claims that employees are engaged in a common mission with a morale-oriented argument about what it means to do their job well, but underneath this appeal is a more naked communication of how the power dynamic works at the company. Todd’s reminder of the power structure in play grows more overt over the course of the memo. The implication is that employees should willingly subsume their will to corporate desire, because every other alternative is worse. Todd intimates that Andy’s performance is now being watched by people in even higher positions of authority, suggesting that every decision is ultimately out of the control of anyone the employees have access to. Todd also threatens to inform Andy’s wife, a tacit threat against Andy’s ability to support his family.
When it’s slowly revealed that the work being done in Room 6 likely involves violence towards others, the corporate double-talk and innuendo takes on an even more sinister tone, as the use of the “shelf” euphemism suggests that the employees must either dehumanize others or be dehumanized themselves, in order to serve the organizations productivity goals. The letter closes on a false promise of confidentiality, but the message is clear, even despite the deliberate obfuscation: There is no other option but productivity, so ethical or moral quandaries about the work serve no purpose. The memo is intended as a scathing critique of the way that corporations leverage threat of termination (in this case literally) to force compliance from their employees.
By George Saunders
American Literature
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