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71 pages 2 hours read

Kathryn Stockett

The Help

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2009

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Chapters 19-22Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 19 Summary: “Miss Skeeter”

Skeeter’s house does not have air conditioning, so she sleeps on a cot on the porch during the hot month of July. She remembers Constantine singing beautifully to her on the porch when she was a young girl, and wonders if she’ll ever see Constantine again. By now, Minny’s stories are typed and ready to go, and Skeeter is simply waiting and hoping to get more maids who are willing to tell their stories. Meanwhile, her mother’s health seems to be worsening.

Skeeter and Stuart have been going out for two months now, and Skeeter is falling for him. She’s never had a boyfriend before and loves the way he makes her feel. Stuart invites Skeeter and her parents to come to his parents’ house for dinner in a few weeks, and as things grow more serious between them, Skeeter feels the need to know more about Patricia, his ex-fiancé. However, Stuart won’t tell Skeeter what Patricia did; not even his father knows the whole story.

One morning, when Pascagoula gets Skeeter her usual breakfast, Skeeter thinks about all the preferences Pascagoula has to remember for everyone in the house, and for the first time, thanks her sincerely. Pascagoula says Yule May is her cousin and wants to help with the stories. Aibileen can’t reach Yule May on the phone, but after a few days, Skeeter gets a letter from her. It is written from the state penitentiary. Yule May explains that she and her husband saved money for years, hoping to have enough to send their twin boys to college. However, they only had enough money for one son to go to college. In desperation, Yule May stole a ring from Hilly and got caught. Hilly pressed charges, and the court fine took all of Yule May’s savings, so now neither of her boys can go to college. Skeeter learns that Hilly pushed for Yule May’s sentence to be four years instead of the standard 6 months. Skeeter knows Hilly never even liked the ring that was stolen and can’t look at her friend in the same way at the next bridge club meeting.

Skeeter goes to Aibileen’s house and finds it full of people from Aibileen’s church. Everyone has pitched in and donated enough money to send both of Yule May’s boys to college. As the people file out the door, one by one, 11 maids stop and tell Skeeter they want to help with the stories.

For the next few weeks, Skeeter goes to Aibileen’s house almost every night to listen to maids tell their stories. She hears a mix; some stories are sad, but others are good. Skeeter is surprised to hear from one maid, Louvenia, about her employer Lou Anne, who is in Skeeter’s circle of friends. When Louvenia’s grandson Robert was beaten for using a white restroom, Lou Anne gave Louvenia two weeks of paid time off, drove her to the hospital to see Robert, and sat with her during his operation. Through this story as well as many others, Skeeter gains a new perspective. Some maids are timid, some are talkative, and one in particular is angry. Gretchen, a cousin of Yule May’s from a nearby town, shocks both Aibileen and Skeeter when she calls Skeeter “another white lady trying to make a dollar off of colored people” (258). Aibileen kicks Gretchen out of the house in Skeeter’s defense. Finally, one maid, Callie, talks about the woman she worked for thanking her sincerely and how much it meant to her. Hearing this, Skeeter thinks about how she never thanked Constantine; she wonders if she will ever get the chance.

Chapter 20 Summary

The day arrives for dinner with Stuart’s family, and Skeeter is nervous. Stuart’s father is a state senator, and Skeeter feels inferior in the family’s grand, pre-Civil War house. As she walks inside, Skeeter makes eye contact with the maid and realizes the maid knows about the stories.

Stuart’s mother is stiff and somewhat condescending towards Skeeter and her family. His father, Senator Whitworth, is boisterous and teasing; after a few drinks he repeatedly brings up Patricia but doesn’t realize the awkwardness it creates. Skeeter can see Stuart withdrawing internally after all the mentions of Patricia, and Skeeter recognizes that although they’ve broken up, Patricia’s presence is everywhere: in the pictures removed from the walls and in Stuart’s thoughts. In a private conversation with a somewhat drunk Senator Whitworth, Skeeter learns that Stuart was in a dark place after the breakup; he wouldn’t talk to anyone for months. Skeeter realizes that she doesn’t know Stuart as well as she thought.

The topic of civil rights comes up in the dinner conversation, and Skeeter is surprised to hear her father speak against the violence toward Black people that has been in the news lately. He says he’s “Ashamed of what goes on in Mississippi” (268), and Skeeter looks at her father with pride in her eyes.

At the end of the night, Stuart finally tells Skeeter why he and Patricia broke up: She slept with a civil rights activist. Stuart admits he would have taken her back, but he felt he couldn’t because of the damage it would cause to his father’s career. Stuart says that he wants to take a break in his relationship with Skeeter. Not wanting their parents to know they’ve just broken up, they both act like nothing is wrong as they wave goodbye.

Chapter 21 Summary

Skeeter’s family finally buys an air conditioning unit since the doctor recommends it to make her mother more comfortable. Skeeter cranks it up to the coolest setting, longing for relief from the pain she feels from breaking up with Stuart; however, all she does is blow out the circuit. Her parents still don’t know about the breakup, and Skeeter can’t bring herself to tell her mother. Mrs. Phelan grows thinner every day, and Skeeter can tell she’s been vomiting, although her mother tries to hide it.

Skeeter buries her broken heart in editing and typing the interviews. The pages stack up to look more like a book every day, and the responsibility of what she’s doing weighs on Skeeter. She knows how badly the maids want the book to be published; otherwise, they wouldn’t be taking such an immense risk.

At the next League meeting, Skeeter looks around and sees several women who are either in the book or related to someone who is. After the meeting, Hilly confronts Skeeter about the bathroom initiative. Five months have passed since Hilly first asked Skeeter to include it in the newsletter, and Skeeter still hasn’t complied. This time, Skeeter refuses point blank to put in the initiative, and Hilly threatens to have her thrown out of the League. At home in front of her typewriter, Skeeter feels something inside of her “crack open” (280). She pulls out Hilly’s initiative, and begins to type, wondering what Constantine would think of her.

Chapter 22 Summary: “Aibileen”

Mae Mobley turns three, and Aibileen tries to make the morning of her birthday special. She brings a candle from home to put on Mae Mobley’s breakfast. Miss Leefolt isn’t even at home when Mae Mobley wakes up and tells Aibileen to make a chocolate cake for the family party, even though Aibileen knows strawberry is Mae Mobley’s favorite. When Mae Mobley asks if Aibileen has any babies, she tells Mae Mobley she has 17 babies: “All the babies I tend to, I count as my own” (284). Mae Mobley calls Aibileen her “real mama” (284), and Aibileen reflects on other children she raised who said the same thing.

That night, Skeeter tells Aibileen she’s going out of town for three days, and the next day, it becomes clear why. Miss Leefolt gets a call from a furious Miss Hilly and rushes out the door to Miss Hilly’s house. Aibileen and Mae Mobley walk there to see what’s going on, and they find dozens of toilets on Miss Hilly’s lawn. A crowd has gathered to view the spectacle, and before Aibileen can stop her, Mae Mobley runs and goes to the bathroom in one of the toilets. As Miss Leefolt talks on the phone the rest of the day, Aibileen figures out what happened; Skeeter printed the bathroom initiative in the newsletter alongside an announcement about a coat drive. Apparently, Skeeter made a typo, telling people to drop off their toilets at Hilly’s, rather than their coats. A photo of Hilly’s front yard covered in toilets makes the front page of the Jackson Journal, and even shows up in the Living section of The New York Times.

The backlash for Skeeter’s “typo” is swift. Aibileen overhears Miss Hilly and Miss Leefolt talking about Skeeter. Hilly still has the booklet of Jim Crow laws she found in Skeeter’s bag, and thinks Skeeter is up to something. Hilly informs Elizabeth that she kicked Skeeter out of bridge club. Mister Leefolt tells Aibileen not to talk to Skeeter anymore—not for the Miss Myrna column or for any other reason, and for the rest of the day, Aibileen can’t stop shaking in fear. Skeeter comes by Aibileen’s house the night she returns from out of town, and Aibileen fills her in on how much has happened. Skeeter says she doesn’t care about being kicked out of bridge club or that Hilly warned Stuart about her, but Aibileen can see she does: “Cause everybody care. Black, white, deep down we all do.” (293)

Chapters 19-22 Analysis

As Stockett develops the plot’s rising action, she highlights Hilly’s character as the novel’s antagonist. Hilly has undoubtedly been depicted as racist and manipulative, but in these chapters, her ruthlessness reaches a deeper intensity when she pushes for Yule May to have the longest jail sentence possible for stealing a ring that Skeeter knows was not valuable to Hilly. Furthermore, Hilly manipulates the women in the League to make her heartless actions toward Yule May sound just and necessary. Ironically, Hilly’s actions serve as the catalyst for more maids to come forward to be interviewed. The only society woman Hilly can’t fool is Skeeter, who finds herself at a crossroads. The “typo” in Hilly’s bathroom initiative is a decisive moment in Skeeter’s life. Rather than bow to Hilly by printing something she doesn’t believe in, Skeeter chooses to stand up to Hilly in a way that, however subtle, irrevocably burns bridges with her friends.

The Phelan’s dinner with the Whitworths, Stuart’s parents, contributes to Stockett’s depiction of the invisible lines that govern society. The Whitworths, with their antebellum house filled with reminders of slavery, symbolize the place of power that seeks to keep others down for the sake of maintaining supremacy. Missus Whitworth is condescending to Skeeter and her mother, revealing that she believes herself to be superior because of her wealth and position as a senator’s wife. Stockett uses the symbol of Missus Whitworth’s sharp ring to represent her abrasive personality towards Skeeter. Meanwhile, Skeeter feels self-conscious about her family in front of the Whitworths. The only person at the dinner who chooses to ignore the social lines is Skeeter’s father, who shocks everyone by expressing shame at the way Black people are treated in Mississippi. Although society may see the Whitworths as having it all—wealth, power, and a good reputation—it’s clear that their lives are far from perfect. Through Stockett’s description of both families, she shows that the lines drawn by society are not the ones that matter; instead, the lines between right and wrong are much more important.

Stockett also continues to build tension through foreshadowing and small events that push along the novel’s subplots. For example, she mentions Mrs. Phelan’s declining health with several small observations from Skeeter such as her mother’s weight loss and inability to keep food down. These details signal that Mrs. Phelan’s health problems stem from something more serious than stomach ulcers. Furthermore, she creates tension surrounding Stuart’s breakup with his previous girlfriend, Patricia, and juxtaposes Stuart’s lack of honesty about the breakup against Skeeter’s lies that cover up the book she’s writing. Finally, Stockett continues to build suspense surrounding what happened to Constantine. Skeeter’s memories of Constantine alongside the things she’s learning through interviews with other maids cause her to wonder about Constantine often, and the reader is kept in suspense alongside Skeeter. Stockett’s choice to withhold details from the reader serves to build tension and mystery within the rising action.

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