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66 pages 2 hours read

M. L. Wang

The Sword of Kaigen

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2019

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Chapters 1-5Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary: “The Northerner”

Content Warning: Both the source material and this guide contain depictions of graphic physical violence and war-related deaths, the death of a child, sexual assault, rape, domestic abuse, suicidal ideation, suicide, miscarriage, and references to infanticide.

In the mountain village of Takayubi in the Shirojima Province of the Kaigenese Empire, 14-year-old Mamoru climbs the mountains to his high school, Kumono Academy. He encounters another boy who introduces himself as Kwang Chul-hee, a transfer student from a distant northern region of Kaigen. Together, they climb the rest of the way. Chul-hee comments on the traditionalist aesthetic of the school, which looks like something out of “one of those old samurai movies” (8). He explains that his father Tae-min works for a communications company and is there to lay cable so that the mountain village will have access to modern technology.

Misaki, Mamoru’s mother, sits at home with her two youngest sons: two-year-old Nagasa and infant Izumo. Her other son, five-year-old Hiroshi, attends an elementary dojo. Misaki’s sister-in-law, Setsuko, and friend, Yukino Hyori, keep her company with their own children: Setsuko’s daughter Ayumi, and Hyori’s son Ryota. Setsuko and Hyori are jealous of Misaki’s four strong sons, but Misaki says she would be happy with daughters.

Misaki admires Setsuko for her vitality, joy, and confidence. It was a scandal when Takashi, the oldest son and heir of the prestigious Matsuda family, married a lowly fisherman’s daughter. Misaki was already married to Takashi’s younger brother, Takeru, by then. Because she has suffered under the dominion of her cold, indifferent husband and her abusive father-in-law and has had two miscarriages, Misaki has become self-deprecating and timid. When Setsuko befriended her, she helped Misaki to learn to smile again. Later, the two befriended Hyori, the beautiful young bride of Yukino Dai, a respected swords teacher at Kumono Academy.

Now, as the women talk, the boys play with wooden swords. Misaki picks up another toy sword and fights with the boys. Hyori, a delicate noble-born lady, is horrified by her lack of decorum, but Setsuko laughs. Neither knows that Misaki was once an accomplished swordswoman.

Chapter 2 Summary: “The Mist”

The boys train with Yukino Dai, their swordmaster and Mamoru’s favorite teacher. The boys of Kumono Academy are from the warrior families of Shirojima, who uphold ancient traditions of fighting with sword and jijaka; the latter is a “theonite” ability for controlling water and ice. Mamoru belongs to the Matsuda family, the most powerful warrior family in Shirojima, which is famous for a secret bloodline technique called the Whispering Blade. This is an ice blade that can cut through solid steel. After class, Mamoru confides to Yukino that his father refuses to teach him because he cannot make a Whispering Blade. Yukino has faith that Mamoru will master the technique eventually.

In a history class, the teacher describes a major international conflict that occurred over 80 years ago. There are three major political powers: the Kaigenese Empire, made up of jijakalu (water wielders); the Ranga Union, made up of fonyakalu (air wielders); and the Yammanka Empire, made up of tajakalu (fire wielder). Eighty years ago, the Ranganese attacked Kaigen, beginning their assault in Shirojima. This region is protected by the famous warrior houses of Matsuda, Tsusano, Yukino, and others, which are collectively called the Sword of Kaigen. The Sword of Kaigen fought off the Ranganese invasion single-handedly. By the time allies from Yamma arrived in fighter planes, the battle was already complete, and the beaches were red with the blood of the defeated Ranganese. Now, Chul-hee laughs at the lesson, and Mamoru glares at him.

As Misaki puts the children down for a nap, she recalls her success as a fighter at Daybreak Academy, an international theonite academy in Livingston, Carytha, that she attended as a teenager. With the children asleep, Misaki, Setsuko, and Hyori continue their conversation while they mend clothes. Setsuko remarks that her mother has had a premonition that the Ranganese will attack soon. Hyori laughs because everyone knows that the Ranganese are too weak to defeat Kaigen. If the Ranganese were a serious threat, the government would warn them. Misaki suggests that the news on television might not always be true. She has been abroad and knows that Kaigen is not nearly as strong as it claims to be, but the government keeps strict control over the news within its borders.

Hyori asks Misaki if she is suggesting that the government lies to them. Knowing that it would be dangerous to say yes, Misaki explains that jaseliwu (the caste responsible for storytelling, history, record-keeping, and politics) are trained to tell people “not necessarily [what] […] gives them the most information, but [what] they need to hear [in order] to do what they need to do” (40). She adds that contrary to popular belief, the fonyakalu are not inherently weaker than jijakalu. A well-trained fonyaka army could defeat them.

After class, Mamoru confronts Chul-hee about laughing during the history lesson. Chul-hee claims that almost everything the teacher said was based on lies and propaganda perpetuated by Kaigen to keep Shirojima under control. He calls the Sword of Kaigen mere “cannon fodder”: tools that the Emperor neither values nor respects. Mamoru furiously attacks him.

Chapter 3 Summary: “The Roof”

The headmaster, Takashi, reprimands both boys for fighting. He is Mamoru’s uncle and the head of the Matsuda family. He orders both boys to stay after school to clean the roof of the building as punishment. This is a dangerous job that requires them to use their jijakalu skills to stick to the steepled roof with ice while they work.

Mamoru is ashamed of his behavior. He is aware that his temper sometimes overcomes him. His father blames this on Misaki’s bloodline from the Tsusano family, another prestigious warrior house known for their passion and anger. However, Mamoru is supposed to be a Matsuda like his father: cold and unyielding. He apologizes to Chul-hee. Trying to prove that his claim about propaganda is true, Chul-hee shows Mamoru images on his info-com device of a memorial for the Yammankalu fighter pilots who lost their lives assisting Kaigen during the Ranganese Invasion. This information contradicts everything that Mamoru has been taught. Chul-hee insists that the Kaigenese government has lied about many things and that Kaigen is neither as powerful nor as rich as it claims to be. Mamoru runs away, unable to accept the truth.

After classes end, Mamoru regains his composure, and the boys fulfill their duties of cleaning the roof. Chul-hee is not skilled enough to hold himself with ice, so Mamoru holds them both steady. Chul-hee is afraid that Mamoru will let him fall in retaliation. He begins to slip. Mamoru tries to hold them both, but Chul-hee’s flailing knocks them loose, and they fall off the roof and down the side of the mountain below.

Chapter 4 Summary: “The Warrior”

Mamoru creates a snowdrift beneath them, cushioning their fall. Still, they are injured, and Chul-hee sustains a broken arm. Mamoru uses an ability to form a scab and stop Chul-hee’s bleeding. His mother taught him this technique and told him only to use it in emergencies because the Matsudas believe that the Tsusano family’s blood techniques are disgraceful and impure. Tsusanos have the rare ability to control substances that only contain some water, like blood. Some Tsusanos can use a technique called Blood Needle to form a tiny needle in a person’s veins and organs, killing from within. There is even a myth that Tsusanos can use Blood Puppetry to control an entire body.

Mamoru gains his bearings on the mountain. They have fallen at the site of a plane wreck from decades before. Mamoru claims that the plane was part of a Kaigenese experiment—an unnamed aircraft that crashed. Chul-hee says the plane is from Yammanka and is made of unbreakable black zilazen glass. Mamoru climbs to the cockpit to disprove Chul-hee’s claims only to find a skeleton inside wearing a Yammanka uniform. Mamoru freezes, feeling his entire world falling apart with this revelation. Unable to face the implications, Mamoru decides that they must start climbing back up the mountain.

Chapter 5 Summary: “The Forge”

Mamoru leads Chul-hee to the numu (craftsmen caste) village, not far from Takayubi. This numu village is home to the Kotetsu, famous swordsmiths with whom the Matsudas have a close relationship. They are also skilled healers and will know how to help Chul-hee. They enter the home of master swordsmith Kotetsu Katashi and his family. Mamoru apprentices with Katashi every summer and respects him as his teacher despite being in a higher class.

While Katashi sets Chul-hee’s arm, Katashi’s mother tells a story. Centuries ago, the Kotetsu family earned the patronage of the noble Matsuda family. The Matsudas were renowned for their ice abilities, and the Kotetsus made them swords to match. During this time, the new religion, Falleya, sent missionaries from Yamma to convert the local population. The Matsuda patriarch followed the religion of Ryuhon and therefore hated Falleya. He executed the Falleya missionaries. In retaliation, the Yukinos, another powerful house who had already converted to Falleya, killed the Matsudas and took the family estate.

However, a Kotetsu blacksmith saved the youngest son, Takeru (for whom Mamoru’s father is named), and raised him. As Takeru grew, he learned more about Falleya and came to respect it. Eventually, he challenged Lord Yukino to a duel. Yukino drew his sword but was dead in the next moment. Takeru had used his combined knowledge of ice and sword-smithing to create the first Whispering Blade. The Matsudas became lords of Takayubi again, though they made peace with the Yukinos. The Matsuda men train with the Kotetsus as children, with the belief that doing so will help them learn the Whispering Blade technique. Additionally, the Matsudas and Yukinos ushered in the combined Ryuhon Falleya religious state of Shirojima.

Though Mamoru has heard this story many times, he is confused. He does not understand how Takeru could abandon his family legacy to accept Falleya. Katashi suggests that Takeru was wise enough to see the value of multiple perspectives and combine the best of both.

Recalling the Yammanka plane, Chul-hee asks Katashi about zilazen glass, wondering if it is as unbreakable as the stories claim. He also asks if Katashi has ever made a sword with zilazen glass. Katashi has never seen such a sword but believes it would be unbreakable. The boys finally walk back to Takayubi. Unbeknownst to them, Mamoru has lived his whole life with a zilazen glass sword just beneath his feet. His mother, Misaki, has hidden it under the floorboards of the kitchen.

Chapters 1-5 Analysis

The first five chapters of the novel offer rich and descriptive prose that paints a clear picture of the Japanese-inspired setting, establishing the isolated, traditionalist identity of Takayubi village in contrast to the outside world, which (according to Chul-hee) is far more modern and connected via communications technology. The contrast between traditional and modern ways of living foreshadows the internal conflict that Mamoru will soon face, while also creating a sense of anticipation.

The rich prose also helps to establish the personalities of the two main characters. The novel is written in third-person limited and features the alternating perspectives of the two protagonists, Misaki and her son, Mamoru. These chapters maintain an equal balance between Misaki and Mamoru’s perspectives, and the narrative reveals their complex inner thoughts and feelings and refrains from describing those of other characters. Additionally, the first five chapters deliver crucial exposition and elements of world-building, establishing important secondary characters such as Misaki’s sister-in-law Setsuko and her friend Hyori, as well as the teacher Yukino Dai, the two Matsuda brothers, Takashi and Takeru, and the village’s new resident, Chul-hee. Although Takashi appears only briefly in the first five chapters and Takeru does not appear at all except in dialogue, the author imbues the narrative with a sense of these characters, for both Misaki and Mamoru are deeply affected by Takeru’s cold and distant habits, even when he is not present.

Chul-hee’s arrival in the first chapter marks a major shift in Mamoru’s life, for his perspective shatters Mamoru’s misconceptions about the world. Chul-hee’s revelations destroy Mamoru’s sense of identity and purpose, irrevocably shifting his understanding of the world and his place within it. This moment therefore creates a foundation for the novel’s thematic exploration of Distinguishing True Stories from Propaganda, and this concept is also emphasized when Chul-hee accuses their history teacher of repeating lies and propaganda in order to keep the local population under control. Unbeknownst to Mamoru and Chul-hee, this claim is also supported by Misaki’s concurrent conversation with Setsuko and Hyori, in which she states that “there are a million ways to tell the same story” (40). With this assertion, she proves that she has a sophisticated understanding of the world, for she is aware that a jaseli’s role is not to speak the objective truth; instead, the storytellers say whatever the listener needs to hear in order to perform their duties. Finally, when Chul-hee also claims that the warrior houses of Shirojima, the famous “Sword of Kaigen,” are merely mindless tools, this idea hints at the crisis that several characters will undergo when faced with The Tension between Obedience and Purpose

Additionally, Mamoru and Chul-hee’s personal conflict introduces a sense of tension and foreboding into the narrative, and their argument foreshadows the larger conflicts to come, which will tackle issues of nationalism, loyalty, honor, and purpose. This mood of anticipation is further heightened by brief references to Misaki’s past throughout her conversation with Setsuko and Hyori. These vague references are designed to hint that Misaki’s mysterious past may soon come back to haunt her.

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