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88 pages 2 hours read

Viola Canales

The Tequila Worm

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2005

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Chapters 1-6Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary: “The Storyteller’s Bag”

Sofia is 6 years old and excited to see Doña Clara, who may be the best of all the storytellers in her family. Clara always brings a bag from which she pulls an item, and that item is the basis of her stories. Sofia and her cousin, Berta, wait to hear Clara’s latest tales. Lucy, Sofia’s younger sister, is there, along with Sofia’s papa and mama. Clara has pulled many things from her storytelling bag: handmade dolls, arrowheads, pictures of dead children and many other frightening and interesting artifacts that are the foundation for her wild tales. She tells Sofia that her mama was a mule: “Always kicking her way through things. A force to behold” (2).

Clara tells the girls each time how important the town plaza is to the lives of the Mexicans and their counterparts in America. Before she leaves, she pulls out a tiny bottle of tequila and eats the worm explaining how important the worm is: “This will cure my homesickness as I travel to my next family” (4). This time, though, Clara looks aged and shaky. She arrives in a wheelchair. She can’t speak, and there is nothing in her bag. When Sofia’s mother digs into the burlap bag, her hands are cupped; she holds an invisible treasure which she places into Sofia’s hand. Then she makes up a story about their ways of celebrating Christmas. She says, “Here is the ceramic baby Jesus for the manger of the Christmas nacimiento your abuelita builds each year” (4).

In this way, the torch for storytelling has passed to Sofia’s mother, and like Clara before her, Sofia’s mother tells the stories of their traditions and the people in their pasts. 

Chapter 2 Summary: “The Candy Bite”

Berta and Sofia are cousins. But they don’t get along well. Sofia says that Berta is “mean and selfish” (6). While walking to church on Sunday, Sofia and her mama spot Berta, who is eating chocolate. Her mama tells Sofia to take a bite of Berta’s chocolate. She gives Sofia permission to take a huge bite if Berta only offers a small one. Sofia is shocked her mother would let her do this, and she approaches Berta to ask for a bite. As predicted, Berta holds out only a small bite, and Sofia, looking back at her mama first, takes a gigantic bite. Berta cries out and bites Sofia on the shoulder. Berta’s mother, Tia Belia, and Sofie’s mother pull the girls apart.

Tia Belia tells her daughter to share. Berta cries, but she does what she is told, taking the wrapper off and breaking the chocolate bar into two unequal parts. As Berta blubbers, offering Sofia both pieces, Sofia decides to take the smallest of the two parts. 

Chapter 3 Summary: “The Holy Host”

Before her First Holy Communion, Sofia, her sister, Berta and Berta’s brother played a game called “First Holy Communion” using Necco wafers. Berta and the little kids joke about communion, which makes Sofia angry. She tells them terrible stories about the nuns. She tells them to stop thinking that nuns are nice like Maria in The Sound of Music: “Think of the evil old bruja (witch) in Hansel and Gretel” (11). She also warns them that when they make their confession, they may have to say hundreds and hundreds of Our Fathers and Hail Marys. Most importantly, she tells them that if they don’t let the host melt in their mouths, or if they stick their tongue out and show anyone the wafer, or if they chew it, even accidentally, they will die and go to hell.

When it’s time for Sofia’s first communion, she can’t remember what to say when the priest holds out the host. She forgets to open her mouth and stick out her tongue. After a minute, the priest shoves the host into her mouth. She is stunned. The host hangs halfway out of her mouth. She takes it and puts it into her shirt pocket. She can’t believe she’s carrying the blood and body of Jesus in her pocket. She is sick and filled with anxiety. At home, after worrying herself for hours, she tells her mama what she’s done, and her mama calls the priest. The priest tells Sofia and her mama to come in. Before they leave, her mama takes the shirt out of the closet Sofia wore when she hid the host in the front pocket, but Sofia doesn’t know what she does with it.

When they arrive to visit the priest, Sofia is terrified. She thinks, “I have never felt so frightened in my life” (16). Her mama speaks privately with the priest, and when she returns, she tells Sofia they must say the Stations of the Cross. Sofia has no idea how to do that because she believes only grown-ups know how. Still, she follows Mama, reciting to herself her own secret prayers and thanking God for giving her such a great mama. 

Strangely, three months later, a box arrives in the mail. There is no return label. When they open the box, Sofia sees the shirt she wore during her botched First Holy Communion. Then she notices the pocket that held the host is sewn shut.  

Chapter 4 Summary: “Easter Cascarones”

During lent, Sofia eats a lot of eggs. That’s because she wants to empty as many eggshells as she can so she and her family can make more Easter Cascarones on Good Friday. She and Berta have a contest to see who makes the most cascarones. No matter how many eggs Sofia eats, though, Berta always beats her.

The cascarones are hollow eggs decorated with pictures and stuffed with little toys and confetti. On Good Friday, Sofia is happy to see there are 20 empty egg cartons. Surely this year she will beat Berta. Her papa puts newspaper on the cement floor of their porch and hands Lucy and Sofia each one egg. He grabs an egg for himself and puts his finger into the hollow egg, grabs a crayon and draws a bird, a flower, and a butterfly on the egg. When he’s finished, he places the egg back into the egg carton. The girls follow suit, talking, laughing, and breaking random eggs. Lucy tells Sofia she can’t wait for her quinceañera, and Sofia tells Lucy that the last thing she wants is a quinceañera.

While the girls decorate the eggs, Sofia’s papa plays traditional Mexican music on his guitar and brings them lunch and lemonade. Later, Sofia’s papa brings Sofia inside and shows her how to color the eggs with a store-bought egg dying packet. The next day, when all the eggs are dry, they each fill the eggs, through the broken tops, with confetti. Then, Papa tells the girls to go ahead and fill their eggs with something secret. Sofia fills her egg with flour. When they each return—Sofia doesn’t know what Lucy filled her egg with—they paste crepe paper crowns on their nearly finished cascarones. When Sofia sees Berta, she learns that Berta has 21 empty eggs and beats Sofia by 1 egg.

The next morning, after a long Easter service at church, the family drives over to Falcon Dam, where they always go on Easter. Sofia has her basket filled with candy and chocolate Easter eggs. Berta’s family is there, and while the fathers cook sausages on mesquite coals, and the mothers take walks and gossip, the girls eat their chocolate. Finally, the parents hide the eggs while the children turn their backs. The girls run around collecting as many eggs as they can. Sofia can’t believe how many eggs there are. “The landscape was completely covered with cascarones as though they had fallen like rain from the sky, sprinkling trees, bushes and the ground” (24). After the eggs are collected, the children and the adults run around smashing them on each other’s heads; “It was a riot of laughter and paper jewels and bits of bright eggshells flying and falling everywhere and on everyone” (24-25). In the melee of cascarones, Sofia smashes her flour- filled egg on Berta. Then, Lucy smashes her egg, filled with an egg, also on Berta, so that Berta is a mess of flour and eggs.

On the way home, Sofia’s mother scolds her—she had to pour bleach down the drain to take away the sickening smell of raw eggs that Sofia threw down there. It’s a waste of food, Mama tells her. Sofia’s papa reminds Sofia that it was she who won the egg-smashing contest, but her sister was the one who captured the title with one egg at the very end. As they drive home, Sofia is happy and grateful, especially for her sister, Lucy. There’s no love lost between Sofia and Berta.

Chapter 5 Summary: “Skulls and Quarters”

It’s time to pick the costumes for Halloween. Sofia remembers the time a curandera (healer) came to the house to help Lucy, who had been hit by a car. Lucy had no broken bones, but she wasn’t right, and none of the doctors seemed able to help. Mama and her comadres worked together to find the best curandera to help Lucy. They decided on Sofia’s Tia Belia, who is also Berta’s mother. Tia Belia, as a seasoned curandera, had already cured cases of the evil eye and other regular things like colds and stomach aches, plus she brought a dead baby back to life by blowing on it. She even helped an infertile lady have three babies. All of them were born with bright orange hair.

When Belia sees Lucy, she grabs the kitchen broom and sweeps Lucy up and down, all over her small body. As she does this, she calls out to Lucy, “Lucy! Lucy! Where are you? Where are you” (29). When the session is finished, it’s like the old Lucy has returned. After that, Belia leaves, and Sofia and Lucy giggle while Sofia pretends she is a curandera. With the broom in midair, Sofia’s mama and Belia enter the room, surprising Sofia. Sofia believes she’s about to get a hex put on her by Belia, but Belia laughs and tells everyone that she thinks Sofia will one day be a good curandera.

Sofia decides to be a regular bruja (witch) for Halloween because her mama doesn’t think it would be right to be a curandera. Someone who cures people is sacred. Sofia loves Halloween because of all the candy she gets. At one house, a lady threatens to throw holy water on Sofia because she hates witches coming to her door. The lady throws a boot that has a picture of a Guardian Angel on it. Her mama throws the boot back, but she rips off the picture and tosses it into Sofia’s bag.

For Sofia this year, Halloween isn’t fun. She tells her mama she’s ready to go home and her mama asks her why. She explains that Berta told her the best candy was on the other side of town. Her mama jumps into action and drives Sofia to the candy neighborhood. At the first house, Sofia is elated. The house is beautiful, and the woman answers the door with a bag loaded with chocolate. Sofia says, “The woman smiled and dropped a chocolate bar in my paper bag, then a quarter, then a whole handful of Kisses” (32).

The next day, Sofia accompanies her mama to Doña Virginia’s. Doña Virginia is one of her mama’s comadres, and she is very sick. Sofia spots her altar and looks at the things that Doña Virginia has placed on it. She sees votive candles, a statue of the Virgin of Guadalupe and other saints, orange marigolds, and pictures. Later Sofia asks her mama about the altar; there were many items she didn’t understand. Her mama explains why the lime cross and the salt is there—to protect a traveling family member.

When she and her mama get home that evening, Sonia’s papa is reading Don Quixote, and Lucy is asleep. Her father asks her how her Halloween was, and Sofia shows him the two bags. One bag is filled with the weird stuff she got on this side of town. The other, she explains to Papa, is from the neighborhood on the other side of town. It’s filled with full chocolate bars. Her papa tells her to get into the car: “I am taking you to the cemetery to show you something magical about this side” (34) of town, he says. When they arrive, Sofia is frightened. There are people dancing and talking and playing guitars on and around the tombs. They are eating delicious food, stacked high on plates.

She tells her father to take her home, and he starts the car. She explains to her papa that she wishes she could live on the other side of town. When he asks her why, she tells him they have warm, big houses. He laughs. But she continues to tell him what bothers her: “It’s really cold at home, and most of the houses around us are falling apart” (35). Her papa tries to explain to her why their side of town is better; he reminds her about the sacred festivals and the curandera who made her sister better, and the “warm hearts of the families” (35), but she doesn’t understand him. He smiles and tells her that one day, she will come to understand what he means. They drive home, and Sofia goes back into her cold house, nodding and shivering. 

Chapter 6 Summary: “Taco Head”

Every morning, Sofia’s mama wakes up at five to make bean tacos for Sofia’s school lunch. Every morning, Sofia begs her mama for lunch money or a sandwich instead. She doesn’t tell her mama why, but when she eats tacos, bullies make fun of her and her Mexican American friends: “Some kids called all Mexican-American kids beaners” (37). Sofia hides at the very end of the cafeteria and eats quickly, but finishing quickly means she is always the first one on the playground with nothing to do. One day, Sofia dreads being out in the cold for too long, so she slows down while eating her taco. A big girl walks up and asks her what she’s eating. When Sofia says nothing, the girl grabs the bag and, seeing the taco, calls Sofia “Taco Head” and invites the other kids to join in. The taunting seems to go on forever, but the P.E. coach, Coach Clarke, blows her whistle and tries to convince Sofia to ignore them.

Coach Clarke invites Sofia to sit with her. It’s a coveted place to sit, and Sofia feels nervous. Coach Clarke says she would love to trade lunches with her, so Sofia gives her the taco, and Coach Clarke gives Sofia her sandwich. Sofia is shocked at how bad the sandwich tastes. The next day, the same thing happens; Sofia sits with Coach Clarke, and they trade lunches. The second sandwich is as bad or worse than the first. Sofie wonders: “Do all sandwiches taste like something between sardines and bologna?” (39). Despite the sandwiches, Sofia loves sitting next to Coach Clarke. The coach tells Sofia all kinds of stories, and Sofia tells the coach that she loves soccer. Sofia remembers how Doña Clara told her she had inherited her great-great-grandmother’s gift for kicking like a mule, and she tells the coach about it. She tells the coach she wishes she kicked the girl who called her “Taco Head.” The coach tells her to kick with her head instead. She can get back at the girl, the coach says, “By kicking her butt at school, by beating her in English, math, everything—even sports” (40). She also tells Sofia to eat her lunch proudly.

Sofia ends up doing better in all her classes and sports, especially soccer, than the girl who bullied her. After sitting with Coach Clarke, Sofia and her Mexican American friends begin to eat their food out in the open with pride. 

Chapters 1-6 Analysis

The first six chapters of the Tequila Worm are meant to establish Sofia’s childhood. The author’s intention is to convey the mystery and magic of the barrio where Sofia grows up. As the author has stated candidly in interviews, the story is based on her own youth, and one of her goals in writing the book was to portray positive aspects of her culture in a world divided by stereotypes and misunderstandings.

To that end, these opening chapters contain a clear tone of joy, humor, and conflict. This established tone appears throughout the book and gives young readers the opportunity to easily understand the conflicts and the happiness that Sofia faces as she comes of age, a young Mexican American in the Texas Barrio.

Vital to the novel are the relationships, both familial and among friends, that Sofia cultivates. The family is the center of Sofia’s world and branches outward from there. Important to the culture, as established by Sofia’s relationship with her mother, is having comadres. These are friends that Sofia can trust throughout her life. As portrayed in the friendships Sofia develops, the understanding is that comadres are there to help raise children, tender difficult decisions, and to render support in times of trouble and joy. In this chapter, we begin to see how this works through, for instance, Tia Belia’s healing powers over Lucy. Tia Belia is one of Mama’s comadres.

Family ties run deep. One of the key relationships in this novel is the one Sofia shares with her father, a quiet, creative soul who passes to Sophia the deeper meanings of death, life, and creating beauty and art in one’s life. This relationship offers a central theme in the novel; that family and parental love is valued above all else. Their moments together are found in the practice of cleaning the beans every Tuesday. Through the work related to a traditional Mexican food staple, father and daughter have the privacy and quiet time to ponder the larger mysteries of Sofia’s world.

Of particular note in the story is that though the family is poor, they are surrounded by the richness of their culture. In these opening chapters, good fortune and prosperity of the spirit appears in the many rituals and celebrations of Sofia’s Mexican American history. The author describes each ritual in detail and includes the various objects and actions that reveal the true meaning of the holiday or event. During the celebration of each one, Sofia plays a role in carrying out the traditions, not always perfectly, but always with the love and support of her family.

These chapters also introduce the family’s Catholic faith and the colorful rituals and practices contained within their community that differ from mainstream Catholicism. The snafu during Sofia’s first communion is not just one of the examples of an overall tone rich in humor, but it also shows that even if you mess up—especially if you mess up, more magic and ritual follows. In this case, someone mysteriously sewed up the pocket where the host was stored because of the sacrilege of placing Jesus in there, and Sophia was forced to confront the priest about her mistake, as well as suffer the consequences by having to pray the Stations of the Cross.

While Sofia begins to appreciate the richness of her own culture, she has also caught a glimpse of how “the other side of town” lives. When she peers inside the warm homes and collects chocolate bars at the doors of the rich people, she yearns for more. Her father feels offended and worried. He loves everything about his barrio and his life and, as part of the story’s message, as a parent it is his job to pass this value on to his daughters. When he takes Sofie to the cemetery to show her how their side lives and how rich and exciting their lives are, he is instilling in her a sense of her culture. His argument is that, while rich society has warm homes, their society has warm hearts. At this time, Sofia is not convinced. She doesn’t yet understand that money is not the measure of living rich. This sets up the conflict later that Sofia will feel as she faces the daunting reality of living among people from a religiously different, wealthy, white culture.

The final chapter in these first six chapters registers a turning point. All the previous chapters are backstory. In the final chapter of this section, (Taco Head) the book takes place in current time frame, as Sofia is about to be offered a scholarship to a prestigious boarding school. It is no mistake that her coming of age is characterized by the racial bullying she receives when eating her typical Mexican fare at lunch. It is the first time that Sofia truly believes that she is meant to feel different. That the bullying centers around food is intentional. All the family’s celebrations involve foods that are highly valued and rooted in her ancestral home of Mexico. There is no question, as food narratives are repeated throughout the book, that food is an important identifying feature of Sofia’s culture. Sofia finds solace in the P.E. coach, and it is this woman, a white person, who teaches Sofia to be proud of who she is. But the bigger lesson she learns—that people pick on her because she is not white—is harder for Sofia to comprehend. The author intends to grapple with issues of bias and racism through Sofia’s character.

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